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OT 720- Pediatrics > Motor Learning Intervention > Flashcards

Motor Learning Intervention Flashcards

1
Q

Which of the following is the “gold standard” approach to address motor control deficits in OT?
a) Reflex theory
b) Dynamic systems theory
c) Hierarchical theory
d) Motor programming theory

A

B

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2
Q

Motor control develops through interaction among which three processes?
a) Perception, action, cognition
b) Perception, attention, decision making
c) Sensation, feedback, execution
d) Attention, motivation, memory

A

A

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3
Q

Which stage of motor control is characterized by frequent errors and the need for repetition?
a) Autonomous
b) Cognitive
c) Associative
d) Automatic

A

B

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4
Q

In the associative stage of motor control, what key changes occur in performance?
a) Decreased efficiency and increased errors
b) No changes plateau effect
c) Increased efficiency and decreased errors
d) Regression of skills

A

C

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5
Q

The ability to generalize and transfer skills to other contexts is a key goal of which OT principle?
a) Sequencing
b) Mental practice
c) Transfer of learning
d) Error-based learning

A

C

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6
Q

Which practice schedule is most effective in the cognitive stage of motor learning?
a) Distributed practice
b) Variable practice
c) Blocked/massed practice
d) Random practice

A

C

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7
Q

Which type of task has a clear start and finish?
a) Continuous task
b) Discrete task
c) Bimanual task
d) Random task

A

B

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8
Q

Which stage of motor learning is most focused on refining skills and less on errors?
a) Cognitive
b) Autonomous
c) Associative
d) Generalization

A

B

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8
Q

In dynamic systems theory, what is the role of the environment in motor learning?
a) It interacts with the child and the task
b) It adapts based on individual ability
c) It has no effect
d) It remains constant regardless of skill level

A

A

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9
Q

Which practice strategy allows rest periods to be longer than practice periods?
a) Massed practice
b) Blocked practice
c) Distributed practice
d) Mental rehearsal

A

C

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10
Q

Which of the following strategies is used during the autonomous stage of motor learning?
a) Frequent feedback
b) Mental imagery
c) Self-reflection and self-assessment
d) Increased repetition

A

C

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10
Q

Mental practice is most effective in which stages of motor learning?
a) Early and later stages
b) Cognitive and automatic
c) Associative only
d) Continuous and discrete tasks

A

A

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11
Q

Error-based learning is important because:
a) It prevents mistakes during skill acquisition
b) It helps children learn to correct their mistakes
c) It discourages trial-and-error approaches
d) It eliminates variability in performance

A

B

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12
Q

Which type of feedback is most beneficial for sustaining motor performance?
a) Extrinsic feedback
b) Intrinsic feedback
c) Verbal praise
d) Modeling feedback

A

B

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13
Q

Which of the following is not a motor learning principle?
a) Transfer of learning
b) Sequencing and adapting tasks
c) Static feedback
d) Error-based learning

A

C

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14
Q

What type of feedback involves providing information related to the outcome of a task?
a) Knowledge of performance
b) Knowledge of results
c) Discovery feedback
d) Associative feedback

A

B

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15
Q

Closed tasks are performed in environments that are:
a) Stationary
b) Moving
c) Unpredictable
d) Changing continuously

A

A

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16
Q

Which strategy involves the use of past experiences to refine current performance?
a) Cognitive learning
b) Error-based learning
c) Associative stage strategy
d) Knowledge of performance

A

C

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17
Q

Motor learning interventions should be designed to:
a) Encourage engagement in the task and environment
b) Isolate motor skills
c) Avoid variability in practice
d) Prioritize extrinsic feedback over intrinsic feedback

A

A

18
Q

Intrinsic feedback is primarily elicited through:
a) External guidance
b) Modeling
c) Self-discovery
d) Immediate verbal cues

A

C

19
Q

Which of the following is an example of a bimanual task?
a) Cutting with scissors
b) Writing with one hand
c) Walking
d) Kicking a ball

A

A

20
Q

Which feedback is best given before a child practices a skill?
a) Knowledge of results
b) Demonstrative feedback
c) Intrinsic feedback
d) Discovery-based feedback

A

B

21
Q

Which practice type involves repeating patterns but with slight variations to aid generalization?
a) Blocked practice
b) Random practice
c) Massed practice
d) Distributed practice

A

B

21
Q

Which stage of motor control does not require attention to the motor act?
a) Cognitive
b) Autonomous
c) Associative
d) Initial

A

B

22
Q

Mental imagery is especially useful for teaching which motor skills?
a) Complex, discrete skills
b) Routine, habitual skills
c) Unimanual skills
d) Motor skills involving timing and coordination

A

D

23
Q

Dynamic systems theory emphasizes that motor skills are influenced by:
a) Genetics only
b) The task, child, and environment
c) Reinforcement and feedback
d) Reflexes and automatic responses

A

B

24
Q

Providing verbal praise with specific cues is a strategy for improving:
a) Performance during the cognitive stage
b) Autonomous skills
c) Self-assessment
d) Knowledge of performance

A

A

25
Q

Which strategy helps a child link past successes to current learning?
a) Cognitive stage strategy
b) Error-based learning
c) Transfer of learning
d) Associatove strage strategy

A

D

26
Q

In motor learning, distributed practice is particularly useful during which stage?
a) Cognitive
b) Autonomous
c) Associative
d) Initial

A

C

27
Q

Motor learning interventions using Dynamic Systems Theory focus on:
a) Task repetition alone
b) A combination of task, environment, and child factors
c) Avoiding mistakes and errors
d) Isolating motor skills from their context

A

B

28
Q

A 7-year-old child is struggling to tie their shoes despite multiple attempts. You allow the child to make errors and adjust their approach each time. Which motor learning principle are you using?
a) Mental practice
b) Knowledge of results
c) Error-based learning
d) Massed practice

A

C

29
Q

You are working with a child who is refining their handwriting skills and can now write consistently with few errors. What is the most appropriate intervention strategy?
a) Provide verbal cues for every stroke
b) Encourage the child to self-reflect on their performance
c) Increase the difficulty of the task without feedback
d) Avoid engaging them in new tasks

A

B

30
Q

A child with cerebral palsy is practicing grasping objects. You set up the environment to minimize distractions and provide clear instructions. Which motor learning stage does this approach best support?
a) Autonomous
b) Reflexive
c) Associative
d) Cognitive

A

D

31
Q

During a therapy session, you notice a child has mastered catching a ball when sitting still but struggles to catch when running. What strategy should you introduce next?
a) Continuous task practice
b) Discrete task practice
c) Sequencing and adapting tasks
d) Error elimination

A

C

32
Q

A child consistently makes the same mistake when performing a balance exercise. To improve, you ask them to focus on how their body feels during the exercise. What type of feedback are you emphasizing?
a) Extrinsic
b) Intrinsic
c) Knowledge of results
d) Demonstrative

A

B

33
Q

You are helping a child with Down syndrome practice dressing skills. The child needs frequent breaks to avoid frustration. Which practice schedule is most suitable?
a) Massed practice
b) Blocked practice
c) Distributed practice
d) Random practice

A

C

34
Q

A 10-year-old is learning how to play basketball. You focus on improving dribbling skills by encouraging the child to visualize their movements before practicing. What intervention strategy are you using?
a) Error-based learning
b) Mental practice
c) Variable practice
d) Closed task learning

A

B

35
Q

A therapist asks a child to review their own performance after completing a motor task. The child reflects on their mistakes and successes. Which stage of motor learning does this represent?
a) Autonomous
b) Associative
c) Cognitive
d) Generalization

A

A

36
Q

In a group therapy session, children are practicing different motor tasks at random intervals with minimal structure. This practice resembles the unpredictability of real-life motor challenges. What type of practice is this?
a) Massed practice
b) Distributed practice
c) Blocked practice
d) Random practice

A

D

37
Q

A child is learning to walk up stairs while holding a railing. You provide constant verbal cues to guide their movement. What stage of motor learning does this reflect?
a) Autonomous
b) Associative
c) Cognitive
d) Reflexive

A

C

38
Q

A therapist works with a child on throwing a ball into a basket. The task is repeated with slight changes, such as different distances. This is an example of:
a) Blocked practice
b) Variable practice
c) Closed task
d) Error-based learning

A

B

39
Q

A child is able to transfer their handwriting skills learned in therapy to the classroom environment. This is an example of:
a) Generalization skills
b) Cognitive stage learning
c) Error-based learning
d) Blocked practice

A

A

40
Q

A child practicing swimming is performing laps with periods of rest between trials. What type of practice is this?
a) Massed practice
b) Distributed practice
c) Mental rehearsal
d) Variable practice

A

B

41
Q

After teaching a child how to ride a bike, you stop giving feedback and allow the child to reflect on their performance. This reflects which stage?
a) Cognitive
b) Associative
c) Autonomous
d) Reflexive

A

C

42
Q

A child learning to balance on one foot is given verbal praise for keeping their foot still but also feedback on how they can improve next time. This is an example of:
a) Knowledge of results
b) Intrinsic feedback
c) Extrinsic feedback
d) Knowledge of performance

A

D

OT 720- Pediatrics (33 decks)

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