Hand Function and Pre-Writing Intervention Flashcards
0-5 Years
What is the primary role of stretching in the biomechanical frame of reference?
A) Relax the client
B) Reduce hyperactivity
C) Increase joint flexibility
D) Improve cognitive skills
C
Which condition often involves hand function problems?
A) Asthma
B) Cerebral palsy
C) Diabetes
D) Hypertension
B
What is an example of a condition that might require pediatric splinting?
A) Skin irritation
B) Muscle spasms
C) Spasticity
D) Vision impairment
C
Which of the following is a technique in constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT)?
A) Immobilize the impaired arm
B) Immobilize the non-impaired arm
C) Use both arms equally
D) Wear splints on both arms
B
What is an example of an occupation-based intervention?
A) Stretching exercises
B) Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy
C) Manipulation with blocks
D) Biofeedback
B
Which of these is an example of sensory activity?
A) Tearing paper
B) Rolling a pencil
C) Using lotion
D) Counting pennies
C
What is the purpose of HABIT therapy?
A) Improve isolated movements of one hand
B) Develop a stronger non-dominant hand
C) Improve bimanual activities
D) Increase resistance in finger muscles
C
What activity might you use to assess in-hand manipulation?
A) Flipping a pencil
B) Writing letters
C) Drawing shapes
D) Performing stretches
A
What developmental skill is needed before beginning handwriting?
A) Visual scanning
B) Basic reading skills
C) Small muscle development
D) Understanding math concepts
C
What is a prerequisite for in-hand manipulation?
A) Good balance
B) Wrist stability
C) Strong grip strength
D) Finger stretching
B
Which therapy model emphasizes motor learning and play?
A) Sensory integration
B) Biomechanical
C) Developmental
D) Cognitive
C
What is one of the developmental stages in pre-writing?
A) Counting objects
B) Reading sentences
C) Controlled scribbling
D) Drawing complex shapes
C
Which of the following helps with eye-hand coordination development?
A) Listening to music
B) Writing sentences
C) Holding a writing tool
D) Reading aloud
C
Which type of splint is commonly used for children?
A) Hard splints
B) Soft splints
C) Elastic bands
D) Casts
B
How should intervention activities in occupational therapy be structured?
A) Mostly preparatory activities
B) Only goal-related activities
C) A small part preparatory, with a focus on the main goal
D) Activities unrelated to the goal
C
What does CIMT aim to improve?
A) Flexibility of the non-impaired arm
B) Frequency of upper limb use
C) Fine motor control in the non-dominant hand
D) Cognitive abilities
B
Which activity is NOT an example of in-hand manipulation?
A) Rolling a pencil
B) Picking up beads
C) Squeezing a tube
D) Holding a cup
D
What is an example of proprioceptive input?
A) Listening to sounds
B) Light tapping on the hand
C) Weight-bearing activities
D) Visual tracking
C
Which of the following is used to increase range of motion in pediatric patients?
A) Meditation
B) Soft splinting
C) Serial casting
D) Foam pads
C
Which of the following best describes prehension?
A) Large muscle movement
B) Ability to write
C) Grip and manipulation
D) Finger isolation
C
Why is environment considered in hand skill interventions?
A) To control sensory input
B) To assess physical limitations
C) It affects hand function performance
D) None of the above
C
Which condition is NOT commonly associated with hand function issues?
A) Cerebral palsy
B) Muscular dystrophy
C) Juvenile idiopathic arthritis
D) Nearsightedness
D
Which type of grasp involves thumb opposition and finger surface contact?
A) Power grasp
B) Tripod grasp
C) Cylindrical grasp
D) Opposed grasp
D
In motor learning, what is a “shaping” strategy?
A) Working on unrelated tasks
B) Sudden shifts in task difficulty
C) Small successive approximations to a target
D) Only allowing failure
C
Which hand skill activity focuses on stabilizing the wrist?
A) Twirling a baton
B) Strengthening exercises
C) Paper tearing
D) Scribbling
B
List two types of conditions that might cause hand function.
JIA and cerebral palsy
What are two structures involved in upper limb/hand function?
shoulder and wrist
Name two types of grasps that might be assessed in hand skill interventions.
tripod grasp and cylindrical grasp
Explain why high tone and joint tightness need to be differentiated in hand skill interventions.
To avoid unneccessary pain and resistance to therapy
What is the purpose of serial casting in pediatric hand interventions?
to increase range of motion
(over time serial casting increases range of motion)
Name one type of sensory input that can be beneficial during weight-bearing activities.
Rough or smooth textures
What is the main goal when using preparatory activities in hand skill interventions?
To prepare the child for goal oriented tasks
Describe one strategy for helping a child develop in-hand manipulation.
Twirling a pencil in their hand
What is one activity that can provide proprioceptive input for children?
Weight-bearing activity
Explain the purpose of positioning in hand skill intervention sessions.
To provide stability and optimal positioning for hand functions.
Why might adaptive equipment be used in hand skill interventions?
To accommodate or enhance functional abilities
What is a major consideration when setting goals in occupation-based interventions?
setting goals based on the childs needs and environment
Identify one specific intervention that might be used for children with sensory deficits.
sensory integration
What is the main purpose of using soft splints in pediatric patients?
To limit movement without rigidity
List one element that must be considered when creating a treatment plan for hand skill intervention.
age
What hand skill is developed through activities like playing with Legos?
In-hand manipulation
Describe the concept of “bimanual activities” in hand skill development.
Activities requiring both hands, catching a ball
Name a common activity that helps develop finger isolation.
Pointing activities
What is an example of an activity that improves wrist stability?
Strengthening exercises
Identify the core components needed for writing readiness in young children.
- Small Muscle development
- Eye-hand Coordination
- Hold writing tools
- Form basic Strokes
- Letter perception
- Right-Left discrimination
Name one treatment setting where hand skill interventions may be applied.
Early Intervention
Explain why trunk and pelvis positioning may impact hand skill development.
They provide stability, impacting fine motor function
Give an example of a motor function activity for developing hand skills.
using finger games or pointing activities
What is a simple activity to strengthen a child’s prehension skills?
Picking up small objects like coins
Why might different textures be used in sensory activities for hand development?
To provide varied sensory sensory input, which aids proprioception
Match the skill intervention to the setting:
How would hand skill intervention look in these settings?
- short-term goals initiated to help get them in & out of hospital
- Major trauma usuially addressed but not main fous
- Mainly work on goals that are long-term for hand skills (two answers)
- In natural environment, created by family
- Inpatient
- Acute care
- outpatient & Pre-school
- Early Intervention
What is the developmental sequence of writing?
1. ____
2. Discrete lines, dots, or symbols
3. Straight-line or circular uppercase letters
4. ____
5. Lowercase letter, ____, and ____
- Controlled scribbles
- Given
- Given
- Numerals and letters
Why would a therapist using a Bivalve cast on a child?
- They are good for children w/ Spasticity
- Both sides are usually cut to check skin integrity
- better for hygiene and toileting purposes
Why would the occupational therapist use soft splints on a child?
- To exert a pull on joints to increase motion
- To limit movement without rigidity
True/ False: CIMT and HABIT are used with children who have CP or TBI/ABI with the least amount of motor impairment.
True
These are characteristics of which type of therapy?
1. time frame varies b/w 10-15 days for 6 hours daily
2. Improving the ability to perform bimanual activities.
Hand-Arm Bimanual Intensive Therapy (HABIT)
These are characteristics of which type of therapy?
1. Use of impaired arm is facilitated by the therapist for 6-8 hours per day.
2. shorter durations like 3 hours a day have similar outcomes
3. “Shaping” Strategies (a target behavior is reinforced) are used
4. Goals are set with the family
Constrant-Induced Movement Therapy (CIMT)
Why was HABIT developed?
Concerns that CIMT could cause anxiety and frustration for the child.
True/False: Researchers who use CIMT typically incorpaorate HABIT activities the last 5 days of CIMT therapy to increase bilateral function-(usually happens at the end).
True
Name some occupation-based interventions
- Motor learning
- CIMT
- HABIT
- Co-Op and sesnory integration
When and how do we stretch the patient?
- Observe active moement
- Stretch when there is flexibility in the joint or body part
- aim for active stretch
- incorporate stretch to into play
- Dont stay in one postion for long periods of time
- keep child moving over the body part
When and how to stretch:
True/False: Spasticity is velocity dependent
True
