types of experiment Flashcards
what are natural experiments
IV is naturally occurring without influence of researcher
2 strengths of natural experiments
-high external validity- no demand characteristics as its natural
-allows research that cant happen in controlled environments due to ethics and cost
2 limitations of natural experiments
-extraneous variables arent controlled as events happen regardless of researcher- cant establish reliable cause+effect relationships
-rare events- cant be replicated
what are field experiments
experiment done in a natural setting eg. school
strength of field experiments
high mundane realism as behaviour is natural
2 limitations of field experiments
-less control means less confidence in cause and effect relationships
-ethics- if participants arent aware theyre in a study they cant give informed consent
what are quasi experiments
has an IV based on existing differences. DV can be natural or devised by researcher
strength of quasi experiments
-carries out in controlled conditions-can be replicated
limitation of quasi experiments
participants arent randomly allocated-leads to confounding variables
what are lab experiments
highly controlled environments
standardised procedures used to control environmental factors
2 strengths of lab experiments
-high internal validity due to high control over variables. More confidence in establishing cause+effect relationships
-highly replicable due to standardised procedures
2 limitations of lab experiments
-lacks ecological validity so it lacks generalisability due to lack of mundane realism
-unnatural behaviour due to demand characteristics
