types of experiment Flashcards
what are natural experiments
experiements that have an IV which is naturally occurring without influence of researcher
2 strengths of natural experiments
-high external validity- no demand characteristics as its natural behaviour
-allows research that cant happen in controlled environments due to ethics and cost
2 limitations of natural experiments
-extraneous variables arent controlled as events happen regardless of researcher- cant establish reliable cause+effect relationships
-rare events- cant be replicated to test for reliablity
what are field experiments
experiment done in a natural setting eg. school
2 strengths of field experiments
-high ecological validity- behaviour more likely to be natural in normal environment
-real tasks so p’s more likely to have mundane realism
2 limitations of field experiments
-lack of control over extraneous/confounding variables
-ethics- if participants arent aware theyre in a study they cant give informed consent
what are quasi experiments
experiments that have an IV based on existing differences. DV can be natural or devised by researcher
strength of quasi experiments
high internal validity as its replicable -carried out in controlled conditions
limitation of quasi experiments
participants arent randomly allocated-leads to confounding variables so its harder to establish cause+effect
what are lab experiments
highly controlled environments
standardised procedures used to control environmental factors
2 strengths of lab experiments
-high internal validity due to high control over variables. More confidence in establishing cause+effect relationships
-highly replicable due to standardised procedures
2 limitations of lab experiments
-low external validity- lacks ecological validity and lacks mundane realism so findings cant be generalised
-unnatural behaviour- demand characteristics
