experimental design

Question 1

what is matched pairs design

Answer 1

pairs matched on variables that may affect DV
each member is randomly allocated to each condition

Question 2

strength of matched pairs

Answer 2

no order effects

Question 3

2 limitations of matched pairs

Answer 3

-large pool of potential participants needed- hard to get+time consuming
-hard to know which variables are appropriate for participants to be matched

Question 4

what is independent groups design

Answer 4

participants only experience one condition of the IV

Question 5

2 strengths of independent groups

Answer 5

-no order effects as p’s do 1 condition only
-eliminates demand characteristics- p’s only aware of 1 condition

Question 6

2 limitations of independent groups

Answer 6

-no control over participant variables- different abilities of participants in the various conditions can cause changes to DV
-more participants needed to gather sufficient data

Question 7

what is repeated measures design

Answer 7

all participants experience all conditions of IV

Question 8

2 strengths of repeated measures

Answer 8

-eliminates participant variables
-fewer participants needed so not as time-consuming

Question 9

limitation of repeated measures

Answer 9

order effects

Question 10

what is counterbalancing (2)

Answer 10

-technique to minimise order effects as it stops it from becoming a confounding variable
-participant sample is divided in half- one half completing the two conditions in one order and the other half completing the conditions in the reverse order

Question 11

how to carry out a matched pairs design experiment (3)

Answer 11

-researcher needs to ensure the 2 groups are matched for key variables eg. IQ scores
-all participants should be assessed for the key variable
-for each person in 1 condition they should be assigned a ‘matched’ person in the other condition