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pathology boards > types of degeneration > Flashcards

types of degeneration Flashcards

1
Q

calcification, metastatic

A

calcium infiltration into normal tissue. Eg Hypervitaminosis D

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2
Q

calcification, dystrophic

A

calcium infiltration into abnormal/damaged tissue. Eg atherosclerosis or atheroma. damage to tunica intima

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3
Q

caseous

A

tuberculosis

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4
Q

cloudy swelling

A

albuminous. membrane injured which effects ionic transfer

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5
Q

coagulation

A

infarction (MI), blood vessels

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6
Q

Enzymatic

A

pancreas

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7
Q

fatty

A

liver, aka nutmed liver. Heart=tabby cat heart. fatty dot>fatty streak>atheroma(fatty plaque)>fibroatheroma (fibrous tissue, calcium)

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8
Q

liquefaction

A

CNS (eg brain melts, tertiary syphilis, leprosy) or skin (if from infection)

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9
Q

wallerian

A

peripheral nerves. degenerates to the next node of Ranvier. “dying back phenomenon”

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10
Q

zenker’s (waxy)

A

hyaline. m/c in skeletal muscle. muscle replaced with hyaline.

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11
Q

Karyolysis

A

nuclear rupture

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12
Q

karyorrhexis

A

nuclear swelling

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13
Q

pyknosis

A

nuclear condensation

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14
Q

agenesis

A

absence of an organ (usu paired organ)

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15
Q

aplasia

A

small remnants of organ present (lack of development)

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16
Q

hypoplasia

A

organ smaller than normal and defective

17
Q

atrophy

A

decrease in size (m/c muscle)

18
Q

hypertrophy

A

increase in size

19
Q

hyperplasia

A

increase in number of cells (pregnant uterus, goiter)

20
Q

metaplasia

A

changes from one cell type to another. Eg Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium changing to stratified squamous in lungs of smoker

21
Q

dysplasia

A

change in size, shape or function of a cell. Precancerous, but last stage that can be reversed to normal

22
Q

anaplasia

A

complete disorganization of a cell (cancer) Eg squamous cell carcinoma

23
Q

Type 1 collagen

A

bone, muscles, tendons, ligaments

24
Q

type 2 collagen

A

disc (nucleus pulposis)

25
Q

type 3 collagen

A

reticular collagen. found in spleen and lymph nodes. early wound healing

26
Q

type 4 collagen

A

basement membrane

pathology boards (9 decks)

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