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pathology boards > immune/blood term, inflammation > Flashcards

immune/blood term, inflammation Flashcards

1
Q

anoxia

A

absence of oxygen

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2
Q

hypoxia

A

deficiency of oxygen

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3
Q

septicemia

A

pathogens or toxins in the blood, can include bacteremia

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4
Q

bacteremia

A

bacteria in blood

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5
Q

chemotaxis

A

movement of WBCs along concentration gradient of tissue damage byproducts

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6
Q

pavementing/margination

A

WBCs lining the damaged vessels

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7
Q

Diapedesis AKA leukocyte extravasation

A

neutrophils and monocytes squeeze through the wallas of blood vessels towards site of damaged tissue or infection

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8
Q

clot

A

fibrinogen into fibrin via thromboplastin

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9
Q

thrombus

A

platelet deposition

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10
Q

embolus

A

foreign body in the blood travels

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11
Q

exudate

A

fluid and high protein

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12
Q

transudate

A

fluid and low protein

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13
Q

1st stage of inflammation; Injury

A

tissue is damaged

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14
Q

2nd stage of inflammation; vasoconstriction

A

sympathetic reaction. wound does not spew blood unless artery was damaged

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15
Q

3rd stage inflammation; vasodilation

A

bring more blood to injured site. histamine and bradykinin dilate vessels

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16
Q

4th stage inflammation; swelling/edema

A

cells move into damaged area. chemotaxis>diapedesis /leukocyte extravasation

17
Q

5th stage inflammation; healing

A

mast cells make heparin and serotonin. serotonin: for wound healing, stimulates the myofibroblasts which cause constriction and form type 3 collagen for early wound healing. fibrin forms the scar

18
Q

basophils

A

become mast cells, make histamine, bradykinin, serotonin, heparin

19
Q

b-lymphocytes

A

transforms into plasma cells >make antibodies

20
Q

granuloctyes

A

BEN: basophils, eosinophils, neutrophils

21
Q

agranulocytes

A

lymphocytes and monocytes

22
Q

macrophage

A

monocyte at tissue level. kupffer-liver, dust-lung, microglia-brain. langerhan-skin

23
Q

NK cells

A

MEN. Monocytes, eosinophils, neutrophils

24
Q

t-helper cells

A

CD4 cells=activated b cells

25
Q

t-killer cells

A

CD8 cells=cytotoxic cells. destroys cancer. kills foreign agents, eg transplant rejections

26
Q

t suppressor cells

A

t-regulatory cells. decrease immune system. slows antibody production

27
Q

Neutrophils

A

60%. increase in acute bacterial infections and acute inflammation

28
Q

lymphocytes

A

30%. increase in viral condtions and chronic inflammation

29
Q

monocytes

A

5-8%. chronic conditions. changes into phagocytes at tissue level

30
Q

eosinophils

A

2-4%. increase in parasites and allergies

31
Q

basophils

A

0-0.5%. like mast cells. produce heparin and histamine. increase conditions that cause histamine release

pathology boards (9 decks)

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