diseases

Question 1

silicosis

Answer 1

silica from sand rock or glass. sandblasters at risk. rock quarry disease

Question 2

asbestosis

Answer 2

asbestos leads to mesothelioma. malignant tumor

Question 3

siderosis

Answer 3

iron dust

Question 4

byssinosis

Answer 4

cotton dust. Brown lung

Question 5

anthracosis

Answer 5

black lung disease from coal miners. Caplan syndrome= anthracosis +RA

Question 6

histomycosis/histoplasmosis

Answer 6

endemic fungus around Mississippi or Ohio vallets. Ohio valley fever aka miss. valley fever

Question 7

coccidiomycosis

Answer 7

endemic fungus in deserts of Southwest. aka San Joaguin valley fever. Valley fever in other states

Question 8

blastomycosis

Answer 8

endemic fungus on Eastern seaboard. florida to nova scotia

Question 9

asthma

Answer 9

sputum analysis yeilds Curschmann’s spirals or chrcot leyden crystals

Question 10

Cystic fibrosis

Answer 10

affects chloride channels. Sweat test. mother notices 1st tastes salt. salty baby syndrome. affects GI and respiratory mucus linings and exocrine secretions. susceptible to pseudomonas aeruginosa. lung transplant required

Question 11

hemosiderosis

Answer 11

iron in lungs due to bleeding

Question 12

pulmonary fibrosis

Answer 12

honeycomb lung

Question 13

tuberculosis

Answer 13

caseous necrosis in lung. gohn complex/lesion. granulomas. epitheloid histiocytes. If spread to spine Potts disease. if vertebra collapses from TB gibbus deformity. Giant epithelial cells

Question 14

wegener’s granulomatosis

Answer 14

vasculitis of lung and kidney

Question 15

emphysema

Answer 15

alpha 1 antitrypsin deficiency

Question 16

azotemia

Answer 16

decreased tubular excretion of nitrogen (increased nitrogen in blood)

Question 17

hydronephrosis

Answer 17

most commonly caused by prostate problems or ureter stones

Question 18

kidney stones

Answer 18

nephrolithiasis. most common stone calcium oxalates. kidney stone pain pattern= starts in back and radiates to flanks. once stone in ureters, pain localize in groin

Question 19

nephritis syndrome

Answer 19

RBCs and small amounts of protein in the urine Eg acute glomerulonephritis (strep pyogenase)

Question 20

nephrotic syndrome

Answer 20

pre-ecclampsia= HEP, hypertension, edema, proteinurea (massive). ecclampsia=HEP+convulsions +coma =potentially fatal

Question 21

polycystic kidney

Answer 21

moth eaten appearance

Question 22

shock

Answer 22

acute tubular necrosis

Question 23

Wilms

Answer 23

nephroblastoma. mixed tumor of kidney in children (malignant)

Question 24

Addison’s

Answer 24

decreased cortisol. hypoadrenia. low BP. hyperpigmentation d/t excess ACTH >^MSH. fatiuge

Question 25

conn’s

Answer 25

excess aldosterone (zona glomerulosa). hypertension. water retention

Question 26

Cushing’s

Answer 26

excess cortisol (Zona fasciculata). Hyperadrenia. Moon face, buffalo hump, purple straie, central obesity

Question 27

Goiter

Answer 27

Hyperplasia of thyroid cells due to lack of iodine

Question 28

Graves disease

Answer 28

hyperthyroidism, causes exophthalmoses (bulging eyes), heat intolerance, weight loss, rapid HR, hair loss. T3&T4 from follicular cells. calcitonin from parafollicular cells

Question 29

hashimotos

Answer 29

autoimmune cause of hypothyroidism

Question 30

Myxedema

Answer 30

hypothyroidism. cretinism in the child. cold intolerance, weight gain, slower HR, loss of lateral 1/3 of eyebrows, slow mental faculties (eg memory, common sense) mental retardation