diseases Flashcards

1
Q

silicosis

A

silica from sand rock or glass. sandblasters at risk. rock quarry disease

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2
Q

asbestosis

A

asbestos leads to mesothelioma. malignant tumor

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3
Q

siderosis

A

iron dust

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4
Q

byssinosis

A

cotton dust. Brown lung

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5
Q

anthracosis

A

black lung disease from coal miners. Caplan syndrome= anthracosis +RA

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6
Q

histomycosis/histoplasmosis

A

endemic fungus around Mississippi or Ohio vallets. Ohio valley fever aka miss. valley fever

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7
Q

coccidiomycosis

A

endemic fungus in deserts of Southwest. aka San Joaguin valley fever. Valley fever in other states

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8
Q

blastomycosis

A

endemic fungus on Eastern seaboard. florida to nova scotia

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9
Q

asthma

A

sputum analysis yeilds Curschmann’s spirals or chrcot leyden crystals

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10
Q

Cystic fibrosis

A

affects chloride channels. Sweat test. mother notices 1st tastes salt. salty baby syndrome. affects GI and respiratory mucus linings and exocrine secretions. susceptible to pseudomonas aeruginosa. lung transplant required

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11
Q

hemosiderosis

A

iron in lungs due to bleeding

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12
Q

pulmonary fibrosis

A

honeycomb lung

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13
Q

tuberculosis

A

caseous necrosis in lung. gohn complex/lesion. granulomas. epitheloid histiocytes. If spread to spine Potts disease. if vertebra collapses from TB gibbus deformity. Giant epithelial cells

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14
Q

wegener’s granulomatosis

A

vasculitis of lung and kidney

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15
Q

emphysema

A

alpha 1 antitrypsin deficiency

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16
Q

azotemia

A

decreased tubular excretion of nitrogen (increased nitrogen in blood)

17
Q

hydronephrosis

A

most commonly caused by prostate problems or ureter stones

18
Q

kidney stones

A

nephrolithiasis. most common stone calcium oxalates. kidney stone pain pattern= starts in back and radiates to flanks. once stone in ureters, pain localize in groin

19
Q

nephritis syndrome

A

RBCs and small amounts of protein in the urine Eg acute glomerulonephritis (strep pyogenase)

20
Q

nephrotic syndrome

A

pre-ecclampsia= HEP, hypertension, edema, proteinurea (massive). ecclampsia=HEP+convulsions +coma =potentially fatal

21
Q

polycystic kidney

A

moth eaten appearance

22
Q

shock

A

acute tubular necrosis

23
Q

Wilms

A

nephroblastoma. mixed tumor of kidney in children (malignant)

24
Q

Addison’s

A

decreased cortisol. hypoadrenia. low BP. hyperpigmentation d/t excess ACTH >^MSH. fatiuge

25
conn's
excess aldosterone (zona glomerulosa). hypertension. water retention
26
Cushing's
excess cortisol (Zona fasciculata). Hyperadrenia. Moon face, buffalo hump, purple straie, central obesity
27
Goiter
Hyperplasia of thyroid cells due to lack of iodine
28
Graves disease
hyperthyroidism, causes exophthalmoses (bulging eyes), heat intolerance, weight loss, rapid HR, hair loss. T3&T4 from follicular cells. calcitonin from parafollicular cells
29
hashimotos
autoimmune cause of hypothyroidism
30
Myxedema
hypothyroidism. cretinism in the child. cold intolerance, weight gain, slower HR, loss of lateral 1/3 of eyebrows, slow mental faculties (eg memory, common sense) mental retardation