Type I Hypersensitivity- lecture 10/26/21 Flashcards

1
Q

Type I hypersensitivity mediated by:

A

IgE, mast cell degranulation

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2
Q

Immediate mast cell mediators

A

Histamine, IL-8, ECF-A

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3
Q

Mast cell mediators after ~30-60 mins

A

Prostaglandins, leukotrienes

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4
Q

Histamine

A

Itching, edema (opens blood vessels), bronchial constriction

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5
Q

ECF-A

A

Eosinophil chemotactic factor

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6
Q

Il-8

A

Chemokine, neutrophil chemotaxis

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7
Q

Leukotrienes and prostaglandins (4 functions)

A
  • Edema
  • Bronchial constriction
  • Eosinophil activation
  • Eosinophil and neutrophil chemotaxis
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8
Q

Sensitization

A

Making antibodies (IgE) for a particular antigen (allergen), could take a number of exposures

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9
Q

Factors of why individuals make IgE antibodies

A
  • Genetic component
  • Environmental component
  • Mode of at administration (skin or mucosal membrane)
  • APCs preferentially activating Th2 and Tfh secreting IL-4 and IL-13
  • Failure to control Th2
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10
Q

Anaphylactic shock

A

Blood pressure drop caused by systemic vasodilation

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11
Q

Examples of IgE mediated allergic reaction

A
  • Allergic rhinitis
  • bronchial asthma
  • Acute drug reactions
  • Food allergies
  • Insect stings
  • acute urticaria
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12
Q

Two phases of allergic response

A

Acute phase and late phase (chemokine from cells recruited to the area and those cells

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13
Q

Treatments of type I hypersensitivity (5)

A
  • Epinephrine
  • Removal of antigen
  • Treat with antihistamines etc
  • Treat chronic inflammation with corticosteroids
  • Xolair (inhibits IgE binding to mast cells)
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