Tutorial 7: Lower Limb, Wet Lab

Question 1

What muscle compartments exist in the leg?

Answer 1

Anterior compartment
Posterior compartment
Lateral compartment

Question 2

What are the 4 main muscles of the anterior compartment of the leg?

Answer 2

Tibialis anterior
Extensor digitorum longus
Extensor hallucis longus
Fibularis tertius

Question 3

What are the actions of the muscles of the anterior compartment?

Answer 3

Dorsiflexion of the ankle

Extension of the toes

Question 4

What are the branches of the sciatic nerve?

Answer 4

Common fibular nerve

Tibial nerve

Question 5

What are the branches of the common fibular nerve?

Answer 5

Deep fibular nerve

Superficial fibular nerve

Question 6

What vessels follow the popliteal artery?

Answer 6

Anterior tibial artery in leg then dorsalis pedis in the foot

Question 7

What nerve innervates the anterior compartment of the leg?

Answer 7

Deep fibular nerve

Question 8

What are the muscles of the lateral compartment of the leg?

Answer 8

Fibularis longus

Fibularis brevis

Question 9

See page 45 of the booklet for a diagram of the muscles of the anterior and lateral compartments of the leg

Answer 9

…

Question 10

What are the actions of the muscles of the lateral compartment of the leg?

Answer 10

Eversion of the foot

Weak plantarflexion

Question 11

Which nerve supplies the lateral compartment of the leg?

Answer 11

Superficial fibular nerve

Question 12

What causes foot drop and why?

Answer 12

Damage to the common fibular nerve

Passes near to the head of the fibula - can easily get damaged in fracture

Question 13

What type of joint is the ankle joint?

Answer 13

Synovial hinge joint

Question 14

What is the malleolar mortise?

Answer 14

A deep socket formed by the transverse part of the tibia-fibular ligament and the distal ends of the tibia and fibula

Question 15

What does the malleolar mortise articulate with?

Answer 15

The pulley-shaped trochlea of the talus bone

Question 16

See page 47 of the booklet for a diagram of the ankle joint

Answer 16

…

Question 17

What are the articular surfaces of the ankle joint?

Answer 17

Distal ends of the tibia and fibula and the superior part of the talus

Question 18

When is the malleolar grip tightest?

Answer 18

Dorsiflexion

Question 19

When is the ankle joint most unstable?

Answer 19

Plantarflexion

Question 20

What are the 2 main groups of ligaments in the ankle joint?

Answer 20

Medial ligament

Lateral ligament

Question 21

Which of the 2 ligaments of the ankle is weakest?

Answer 21

Lateral ligament

Question 22

Which ligament of the ankle is also named the deltoid ligament?

Answer 22

Medial ligament

Question 23

What are the 3 ligaments that make up the lateral ligament of the ankle?

Answer 23

Posterior talofibular ligament
Anterior talofibular ligament
Calcaneofibular ligament

Question 24

During which movement of the subtalar joint are ankle sprains most common?

Answer 24

Inversion

Question 25

What muscles cause dorsiflexion?

Answer 25

Tibialis anterior
Extensor digitorum longus
Extensor hallucis longus
Fibularis tertius

Question 26

What muscles cause plantar flexion?

Answer 26

Gastrocnemius
Soleus

Plantaris
Tibialis posterior
Flexor hallucis longus
Flexor digitorum longus

Question 27

What type of joint i the proximal tibio-fibular joint?

Answer 27

Planar synovial joint

Question 28

What type of joint is the distal tibio-fibular joint?

Answer 28

Fibrous joint (syndesmosis)

Question 29

What artery accompanies the common fibular nerve in the leg?

Answer 29

Anterior tibial artery