Tutorial 7: Lower Limb, Wet Lab Flashcards
What muscle compartments exist in the leg?
Anterior compartment
Posterior compartment
Lateral compartment
What are the 4 main muscles of the anterior compartment of the leg?
Tibialis anterior
Extensor digitorum longus
Extensor hallucis longus
Fibularis tertius
What are the actions of the muscles of the anterior compartment?
Dorsiflexion of the ankle
Extension of the toes
What are the branches of the sciatic nerve?
Common fibular nerve
Tibial nerve
What are the branches of the common fibular nerve?
Deep fibular nerve
Superficial fibular nerve
What vessels follow the popliteal artery?
Anterior tibial artery in leg then dorsalis pedis in the foot
What nerve innervates the anterior compartment of the leg?
Deep fibular nerve
What are the muscles of the lateral compartment of the leg?
Fibularis longus
Fibularis brevis
See page 45 of the booklet for a diagram of the muscles of the anterior and lateral compartments of the leg
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What are the actions of the muscles of the lateral compartment of the leg?
Eversion of the foot
Weak plantarflexion
Which nerve supplies the lateral compartment of the leg?
Superficial fibular nerve
What causes foot drop and why?
Damage to the common fibular nerve
Passes near to the head of the fibula - can easily get damaged in fracture
What type of joint is the ankle joint?
Synovial hinge joint
What is the malleolar mortise?
A deep socket formed by the transverse part of the tibia-fibular ligament and the distal ends of the tibia and fibula
What does the malleolar mortise articulate with?
The pulley-shaped trochlea of the talus bone
See page 47 of the booklet for a diagram of the ankle joint
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What are the articular surfaces of the ankle joint?
Distal ends of the tibia and fibula and the superior part of the talus
When is the malleolar grip tightest?
Dorsiflexion
When is the ankle joint most unstable?
Plantarflexion
What are the 2 main groups of ligaments in the ankle joint?
Medial ligament
Lateral ligament
Which of the 2 ligaments of the ankle is weakest?
Lateral ligament
Which ligament of the ankle is also named the deltoid ligament?
Medial ligament
What are the 3 ligaments that make up the lateral ligament of the ankle?
Posterior talofibular ligament
Anterior talofibular ligament
Calcaneofibular ligament
During which movement of the subtalar joint are ankle sprains most common?
Inversion
What muscles cause dorsiflexion?
Tibialis anterior
Extensor digitorum longus
Extensor hallucis longus
Fibularis tertius
What muscles cause plantar flexion?
Gastrocnemius
Soleus
Plantaris
Tibialis posterior
Flexor hallucis longus
Flexor digitorum longus
What type of joint i the proximal tibio-fibular joint?
Planar synovial joint
What type of joint is the distal tibio-fibular joint?
Fibrous joint (syndesmosis)
What artery accompanies the common fibular nerve in the leg?
Anterior tibial artery
