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Anatomy and Physiology: YEAR 2 > Tutorial 3: Topic 5 MCQ recap > Flashcards

Tutorial 3: Topic 5 MCQ recap Flashcards

1
Q

Which of the following are incorrectly matched?

a) central nervous system: composed of the brain and spinal cord

b) somatic nervous system: includes motor neurons to skeletal muscles

c) sympathetic nervous system: includes motor neurons to skeletal, smooth and cardiac muscles

d) peripheral nervous system: includes cranial and spinal nerves

e) autonomic nervous system: includes parasympathetic and sympathetic divisions

A

c) sympathetic nervous system: includes motor neurons to skeletal, smooth and cardiac muscles

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2
Q

Match the following description with the correct term:

The portion of a neuron containing a nucleus

A

Cell body

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3
Q

Match the following description with the correct term:

Rounded structure at the distal end of an axon terminal

A

Synaptic end bulb

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4
Q

Match the following description with the correct term:

Highly branched, input part of a neuron

A

dendrite

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5
Q

Match the following description with the correct term:

Sac in which neurotransmitter is stored

A

Synaptic vesicle

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6
Q

Match the following description with the correct term:

Neuron located entirely within the CNS

A

interneuron

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7
Q

Match the following description with the correct term:

Long, cylindrical process that conducts impulses toward another neuron

A

axon

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8
Q

Match the following description with the correct term:

Unmyelinated gap in the myelin sheath

A

Node of Ranvier

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9
Q

Match the following description with the correct term:

Substance that increases the speed of nerve impulse conduction

A

Myelin sheath

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10
Q

Match the following description with the correct term:

Neuron that conveys information from the CNS to an effector

A

Motor neuron

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11
Q

Match the following description with the correct term:

Bundle of many axons in the CNS

A

Tract

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12
Q

Match the following description with the correct term:

Group of cell bodies in the CNS

A

nucleus

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13
Q

Match the following description with the correct term:

Substance used for communication at chemical synapses

A

Neurotransmitter

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14
Q

Match the following description with the correct term:

Group of cell bodies in the PNS

A

ganglion

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15
Q

Match the following description with the correct term:

Bundle of many axons in the PNS

A

nerve

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16
Q

Match the following description with the correct term:
Neuron that conveys information from a receptor to the CNS

A

Sensory neuron

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17
Q

Damage to dendrites would interfere with a neuron’s ability to:

a) receive input
b) make proteins
c) conduct nerve impulses to another neuron
d) release neurotransmitters
e) form myelin

A

a) receive input

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18
Q

The type of cell that produces myelin sheaths around axons in the CNS is the:

a) astrocyte
b) myelinocyte
c) Schwann cell
d) oligodendrocyte
e) microglia

A

d) oligodendrocyte

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19
Q

A bundle of axons in the CNS is

a) a tract
b) a nucleus
c) a mixed nerve
d) a ganglion
e) an enteric plexus

A

a) a tract

20
Q

In a resting Neuron:

a) There is a high concentration of potassium ions outside the cell

b) negatively charged ions move freely through the plasma membrane

c) the sodium-potassium pumps help maintain the low concentration of sodium ions inside the cell

d) the outside surface of the plasma membrane has a negative charge

e) the plasma membrane is highly permeable to sodium ions

A

c) the sodium-potassium pumps help maintain the low concentration of sodium ions inside the cell

21
Q

Place the following events in the correct order of occurrence:

  1. Voltage-gated sodium channels open and permit sodium ions to rush inside the neuron
  2. The sodium/potassium pump restores the ions to their original sites
  3. A stimulus of threshold strength is applied to the neuron
  4. The membrane polarisation changes from negative to positive
  5. Voltage-gated potassium channels open and potassium flows out of the neurons.
A

3,1,4,5,2

22
Q

If a stimulus is strong enough to generate an action potential, the impulse generated is of a constant size. A stronger stimulus cannot generate a larger impulse. This is known as

a) the principle of polarisation-depolarisation

b) salutatory conduction

c) the all-or-none principle

d) the principle of reflex action

e) the absolute refractory period

A

c) the all-or-none principle

23
Q

The diencephalon is composed of the

a) medulla, pons and hypothalamus

b) midbrain, hypothalamus and thalamus

c) cerebellum and midbrain

d) medulla, pons and midbrain

e) hypothalamus and thalamus (& pineal Gland)

A

e) hypothalamus and thalamus (& pineal Gland)

24
Q

Which part of the brain contains the centres that control the heart rate and breathing rhythm?

a) medulla

b) midbrain

c) cerebellum

d) thalamus

e) pons

A

a) medulla

25
Q

Match the following description to the correct term:

Organisation of white matter in the spinal cord

A

Columns

26
Q

Match the following description to the correct term:

Absorb cerebrospinal fluid

A

Arachnoid villi

27
Q

Match the following description to the correct term:

Extension of nerves beyond the end of the spinal cord

A

Cauda equina

28
Q

Match the following description to the correct term:

Folds of the cerebral cortex

A

Gyri

29
Q

Match the following description to the correct term:

Contains the sensory fibres of a spinal nerve

A

Posterior (dorsal) route

30
Q

Match the following description to the correct term:

Separates the cerebrum into right and left halves

A

Longitudinal fissure

31
Q

Match the following description to the correct term:

Brain cavities where CSF circulates

A

ventricles

32
Q

Match the following description to the correct term:

Divides spinal cord into right and left sides

A

Anterior median fissure

33
Q

Match the following description to the correct term:

Shallow grooves in the cerebrum

A

sulci

34
Q

Match the following description to the correct term:

Contains CSF in the spinal cord

A

Central canal

35
Q

Which part of the central nervous system contains centres that regulate the autonomic nervous system?

a) hypothalamus
b) cerebellum
c) spinal cord
d) basal ganglia
e) thalamus

A

a) hypothalamus

36
Q

Place the following structures in the correct order as they relate to an autonomic nervous system response from receipt of the stimulus to response.

  1. visceral effector
  2. centres in the CNS
  3. autonomic ganglion
  4. receptor and autonomic sensory neuron
  5. preganglionic neuron
  6. postganglionic neuron
A

4,2,5,3,6,1

37
Q

Which of the following neurons release norepinephrine?

a) somatic motor neurons

b) sympathetic postganglionic neurons

c) sympathetic preganglionic neurons

d) parasympathetic postganglionic neurons

e) parasympathetic preganglionic neurons

A

b) sympathetic postganglionic neurons

38
Q

State whether the following refers to an increased activity of the parasympathetic or the sympathetic division:

Dilated pupils

A

Sympathetic

39
Q

State whether the following refers to an increased activity of the parasympathetic or the sympathetic division:

Decrease in heart rate

A

Parasympathetic

40
Q

State whether the following refers to an increased activity of the parasympathetic or the sympathetic division:

Causes bronchoconstriction

A

Parasympathetic

41
Q

State whether the following refers to an increased activity of the parasympathetic or the sympathetic division:

Stimulates breakdown of triglyceride

A

Sympathetic

42
Q

State whether the following refers to an increased activity of the parasympathetic or the sympathetic division:

Inhibits secretion of digestive enzymes and insulin

A

Sympathetic

43
Q

State whether the following refers to an increased activity of the parasympathetic or the sympathetic division:

Stimulates the gastrointestinal tract

A

Parasympathetic

44
Q

State whether the following refers to an increased activity of the parasympathetic or the sympathetic division:

Occurs during exercise

A

Sympathetic

45
Q

State whether the following refers to an increased activity of the parasympathetic or the sympathetic division:

Causes release of glucose from the liver

A

Sympathetic

46
Q

State whether the following refers to an increased activity of the parasympathetic or the sympathetic division:

Dilates blood vessels to cardiac muscle

A

Sympathetic

47
Q
A

Anatomy and Physiology: YEAR 2 (17 decks)

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