Topic 3 Tissues: Connective tissues Flashcards
What is the most abundant tissue type
Connective tissue is the most abundant tissue type
What is connective tissue made up of?
Small cells that are far apart from each other
Connective tissue contains a large amount of what material?
Extracellular material (matrix)
What is extracellular material also known as?
Matrix
What does connective tissue have a good supply of and where is it found?
Often good blood supply
Found between other tissues
How is connective tissue classified?
Classified using matrix characteristics
What are the 5 types of connective tissue CELLS
- Fibroblasts
- Macrophages
- Plasma cells
- Mast cells
- Adipocytes
State the location and function of fibroblasts
Location: present in several tissues
Function: Secretory function
State the location and function of macrophages
Location: From monocytes
Function: Engulf bacteria & cell debris by phagocytosis
State the location and function of plasma cells
Location: develop from B lymphocytes
Function: Make antibodies
State the location and function of mast cells
Location: near blood vessels
Function: Release histamine, part of the reaction to injury
State the location and function of adipocytes
Location: fat cells or adipose cells
Function: Store triglycerides (fat)
Extracellular matrix is the ground substance between what?
Cells and fibers
What are the 3 types of fibre found in extracellular matrix?
- Collagen fibres
- Elastic fibres
- Reticular fibres
What is the key characteristic of collagen fibers?
Very strong & flexible
What is the key characteristic of elastic fibers?
Smaller stretch and they return to original length
What is the key characteristic of reticular fibers?
form a mesh, provide support & strength: found in basement membranes & organ support
Name the 3 loose connective tissue types
- Areolar
- Adipose
- Reticular
Areolar is:
cells embedded in a matrix of glycoproteins, elastin and collagen fibers
Adipose is:
cells filled with fat droplets
Reticular is:
a mesh of reticulin fibers
What are the 3 classifications of dense connective tissue?
- Dense regular
- Dense irregular
- Elastic
Definition of cartilage:
Dense network of collagen & elastic fibres embedded in chondroitin sulphate
Cartilage is stronger than what?
Stronger than dense fibrous
The cells in cartilage are classified as?
Chondrocytes
How and where is cartilage found?
- Occur singly or in groups
- Found in spaces called lacunae
- Surrounded by perichondrium
- No blood vessels or nerves
What are the 3 types of cartilage?
- Hyaline
- Fibrocartilage
- Elastic
State the key differences between Hyaline, fibrocartilage, and elastic cartilage types
Hyaline= glassy, fibers not easily visible
Fibrocartilage= fibers visible,
strongest type
Elastic= chondrocytes in threadlike network
Bone is classified as what type of tissue?
Osseous Tissue
What is included in the dense matrix in bone?
Includes calcium & phosphorous salts (hydroxyapatite)
What are the 2 types of liquid connective tissue?
Blood: matrix = plasma
Lymph: matrix like blood but with less protein
What are the 3 types of muscular tissue?
- Skeletal muscle tissue
- Cardiac muscle tissue
- Smooth muscle tissue
What are 2 characteristics of muscular tissue?
- Large, elongated cells
- Contractile cells
What muscular tissue type forms the wall of the heart?
Cardiac muscle tissue
Where is smooth muscle tissue found?
Walls of hollow organs
What is the main function of neural tissue
To support and nurse cells
What are the 2 types of neural tissue?
- Neurons
- Neuroglia
Function of neurons:
To convert stimuli into nerve impulses and conduct them
Function of neuroglia:
Serve a supportive function
Do not generate nerve impulses.
New cells can come from where?
Stroma and Parenchyma
Where do epithelial cells originate from?
Stem cells in defined areas of tissue layer
What tissue type regenerates readily?
Bone
What tissue type regenerates poorly?
Cartilage
What type of tissue can replace cells slowly?
Muscular
