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Anatomy and Physiology: YEAR 2 > Topic 3 Tissues: Connective tissues > Flashcards

Topic 3 Tissues: Connective tissues Flashcards

1
Q

What is the most abundant tissue type

A

Connective tissue is the most abundant tissue type

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2
Q

What is connective tissue made up of?

A

Small cells that are far apart from each other

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3
Q

Connective tissue contains a large amount of what material?

A

Extracellular material (matrix)

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4
Q

What is extracellular material also known as?

A

Matrix

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5
Q

What does connective tissue have a good supply of and where is it found?

A

Often good blood supply

Found between other tissues

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6
Q

How is connective tissue classified?

A

Classified using matrix characteristics

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7
Q

What are the 5 types of connective tissue CELLS

A
  1. Fibroblasts
  2. Macrophages
  3. Plasma cells
  4. Mast cells
  5. Adipocytes
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8
Q

State the location and function of fibroblasts

A

Location: present in several tissues
Function: Secretory function

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9
Q

State the location and function of macrophages

A

Location: From monocytes

Function: Engulf bacteria & cell debris by phagocytosis

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10
Q

State the location and function of plasma cells

A

Location: develop from B lymphocytes

Function: Make antibodies

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11
Q

State the location and function of mast cells

A

Location: near blood vessels

Function: Release histamine, part of the reaction to injury

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12
Q

State the location and function of adipocytes

A

Location: fat cells or adipose cells

Function: Store triglycerides (fat)

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13
Q

Extracellular matrix is the ground substance between what?

A

Cells and fibers

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14
Q

What are the 3 types of fibre found in extracellular matrix?

A
  1. Collagen fibres
  2. Elastic fibres
  3. Reticular fibres
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15
Q

What is the key characteristic of collagen fibers?

A

Very strong & flexible

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16
Q

What is the key characteristic of elastic fibers?

A

Smaller stretch and they return to original length

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17
Q

What is the key characteristic of reticular fibers?

A

form a mesh, provide support & strength: found in basement membranes & organ support

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18
Q

Name the 3 loose connective tissue types

A
  1. Areolar
  2. Adipose
  3. Reticular
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19
Q

Areolar is:

A

cells embedded in a matrix of glycoproteins, elastin and collagen fibers

20
Q

Adipose is:

A

cells filled with fat droplets

21
Q

Reticular is:

A

a mesh of reticulin fibers

22
Q

What are the 3 classifications of dense connective tissue?

A
  1. Dense regular
  2. Dense irregular
  3. Elastic
23
Q

Definition of cartilage:

A

Dense network of collagen & elastic fibres embedded in chondroitin sulphate

24
Q

Cartilage is stronger than what?

A

Stronger than dense fibrous

25
Q

The cells in cartilage are classified as?

A

Chondrocytes

26
Q

How and where is cartilage found?

A
  • Occur singly or in groups
    • Found in spaces called lacunae
  • Surrounded by perichondrium
  • No blood vessels or nerves
27
Q

What are the 3 types of cartilage?

A
  1. Hyaline
  2. Fibrocartilage
  3. Elastic
28
Q

State the key differences between Hyaline, fibrocartilage, and elastic cartilage types

A

Hyaline= glassy, fibers not easily visible

Fibrocartilage= fibers visible,
strongest type

Elastic= chondrocytes in threadlike network

29
Q

Bone is classified as what type of tissue?

A

Osseous Tissue

30
Q

What is included in the dense matrix in bone?

A

Includes calcium & phosphorous salts (hydroxyapatite)

31
Q

What are the 2 types of liquid connective tissue?

A

Blood: matrix = plasma
Lymph: matrix like blood but with less protein

32
Q

What are the 3 types of muscular tissue?

A
  1. Skeletal muscle tissue
  2. Cardiac muscle tissue
  3. Smooth muscle tissue
33
Q

What are 2 characteristics of muscular tissue?

A
  1. Large, elongated cells
  2. Contractile cells
34
Q

What muscular tissue type forms the wall of the heart?

A

Cardiac muscle tissue

35
Q

Where is smooth muscle tissue found?

A

Walls of hollow organs

36
Q

What is the main function of neural tissue

A

To support and nurse cells

37
Q

What are the 2 types of neural tissue?

A
  1. Neurons
  2. Neuroglia
38
Q

Function of neurons:

A

To convert stimuli into nerve impulses and conduct them

39
Q

Function of neuroglia:

A

Serve a supportive function
Do not generate nerve impulses.

40
Q

New cells can come from where?

A

Stroma and Parenchyma

41
Q

Where do epithelial cells originate from?

A

Stem cells in defined areas of tissue layer

42
Q

What tissue type regenerates readily?

A

Bone

43
Q

What tissue type regenerates poorly?

A

Cartilage

44
Q

What type of tissue can replace cells slowly?

A

Muscular

45
Q
A

Anatomy and Physiology: YEAR 2 (17 decks)

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