Tumour Pathology 1

Question 1

<p>What is a tumour?</p>

Answer 1

<p>Abnormal growing mass of tissue</p>

Question 2

<p>What are the properties of the growth of a tumour?</p>

Answer 2

<p>Growth is uncoordinated with that of surrounding normal tissue</p>

<p>Growth continues after the removal of any stimulis which may have caused the tumour</p>

<p>Irreversible change</p>

Question 3

<p>What are the two types of tumours?</p>

Answer 3

<p>Beneign</p>

<p>Malignant (also known as a cancer)</p>

Question 4

<p>What is a fundamental property of cancer?</p>

Answer 4

<p>Its ability to invade into adjacent tissues and to metastasis (spread) and grow at other sites within the body</p>

Question 5

<p>What is metastasis?</p>

Answer 5

<p>Spreading of a tumour</p>

Question 6

<p>What is cancer caused by (vaugly)?</p>

Answer 6

<p>Genetics</p>

<p>Environment</p>

Question 7

<p>What are the top 5 cancers in men?</p>

Answer 7

<p>1) Prostate</p>

<p>2) Lung</p>

<p>3) Colon</p>

<p>4) Kidney</p>

<p>5) Melanoma</p>

Question 8

<p>What are the top 5 cancers in woman?</p>

Answer 8

<p>1) Breast</p>

<p>2) Lung</p>

<p>3) Colon</p>

<p>4) Uterus</p>

<p>5) Melanoma</p>

Question 9

What are the top 5 cancers in both men and woman?

Answer 9

Male :

1. Prostate Cancer = 27%
2. Lung Cancer = 13%
3. Bowel Cancer = 12%
4. Head & Neck Cancer
5. Kidney Cancer

Female :

1. Breast Cancer = 30%
2. Lung Cancer = 13%
3. Bowel Cancer = 10%
4. Uterus
5. Melanoma Skin Cancer

Question 10

What is the 5 year survival rate like for cancers?

Answer 10

Question 11

<p>Why is it important to classify tumours?</p>

Answer 11

<p>Understanding tumour behaviour</p>

<p>Determining the prognosis (outcome) and selecting therapy</p>

Question 12

<p>What is the classification of a tumour based on?</p>

Answer 12

<p>Tissue of origin</p>

<p>Benign or malignant</p>

Question 13

<p>What are some origin tissues for tumours?</p>

Answer 13

<p>Epithelium</p>

<p>Connective tissue</p>

<p>Blood cells</p>

<p>Lymphoid tissue</p>

<p>Melanocytes</p>

<p>Neural tissues</p>

<p>Germ cells</p>

Question 14

<p>What are benign and maligant glandular epithelium tumours called?</p>

Answer 14

<p>Benign are called adenoma</p>

<p>Malignant is called adeno-carcinoma</p>

Question 15

<p>What are benign and malignant squamous tumours called?</p>

Answer 15

<p>Benign are called squamous papilloma</p>

<p>Malignant are called squamous carcinoma</p>

Question 16

<p>What are some connective tissues that a tumour can arise in?</p>

Answer 16

<p>Bone</p>

<p>Fat</p>

<p>Fibrous tissue</p>

Question 17

<p>What are beneign and maligant bone tumours called?</p>

Answer 17

<p>Benign are called osteoma</p>

<p>Malignant are called osteo-sarcoma</p>

Question 18

<p>What are benign and malignant fat tumours called?</p>

Answer 18

<p>Benign are called lipoma</p>

<p>Malignant are called lip-sarcoma</p>

Question 19

<p>What are beneign and malignant fibrous tissue tumours called?</p>

Answer 19

<p>Benign are called fibroma</p>

<p>Malignant are called fibro-sarcoma</p>

Question 20

<p>What are benign and malignant blood tumours called?</p>

Answer 20

<p>There are no benign blood tumours</p>

<p>Malignant blood tumours are called leukaemia</p>

Question 21

<p>What are benign and malignant lymphoid tissue tumours called?</p>

Answer 21

<p>There are no benign lymphoid tissue tumours</p>

<p>Malignant are called lymphoma</p>

Question 22

<p>What are benign and malignant melanocyte tumours are?</p>

Answer 22

<p>Benign are called naevus</p>

<p>Malignant are called melanoma</p>

Question 23

<p>What are neural tissue tumours called?</p>

Answer 23

<p>Astrocytoma (CNS)</p>

<p>Schwannoma (PNS)</p>

Question 24

<p>What are germ cell tumours called?</p>

Answer 24

<p>Teratomas</p>

Question 25

<p>What kind of tumour are testicular normally?</p>

Answer 25

<p>Malignant</p>

Question 26

<p>What kind of tumour are ovaries normally?</p>

Answer 26

<p>Benign</p>

Question 27

<p>What are teratomas usually composed of?</p>

Answer 27

<p>Various tissues</p>

Question 28

<p>What are features in both benign and malignant tumours?</p>

Answer 28

<p>Growth pattern</p>

<p>Presence of capsule</p>

<p>Invasion</p>

<p>Presence of metastasis</p>

<p>Differentiation</p>

<p>Appearance of tumour cell</p>

<p>Function</p>

<p>Behaviour</p>

Question 29

<p>What are features of benign tumours?</p>

Answer 29

<p>Non-invasive growth pattern</p>

<p>Usually encapsulated</p>

<p>No evidence of invastion</p>

<p>No metastasis</p>

<p>Cells similar to normal</p>

<p>Well differentiated</p>

<p>Function similar to normal tissue</p>

<p>Rarely cause death</p>

Question 30

<p>What are features of malignant tumours?</p>

Answer 30

<p>Invasive growth pattern</p>

<p>No capsule or capsule breached by tumour cell</p>

<p>Cells abnormal</p>

<p>Poorly differentiated</p>

<p>Loss of normal function</p>

<p>Evidence of spread of cancer</p>

<p>Frequently cause death</p>

Question 31

<p>What kind of growth pattern do benign tumours have compared to malignant?</p>

Answer 31

<p>Benign has non-invasive</p>

<p>Malignant has invasive</p>

Question 32

<p>What is the differentiation like in benign tumours compared to maligant?</p>

Answer 32

<p>Benign are well differentiated</p>

<p>Malignant are poorly differentiated</p>

Question 33

<p>What is the capsule of benign tumours compared to malignant?</p>

Answer 33

<p>Benign are usually encapsulated</p>

<p>Malignant have no capsule or it is breached</p>

Question 34

<p>What is metastasis like in benign tumours compared to malignant?</p>

Answer 34

<p>Benign has no metastasis</p>

<p>Malignant has metastasis</p>

Question 35

<p>What is the function like of benign tumours compared to malignant tumours?</p>

Answer 35

<p>Benign function is similar to normal</p>

<p>Malignant tumours have lost function</p>