Tumor Pathology Flashcards
Whats another name for a tumor?
A neoplasm
Define a tumour?
An abnormal growing mass of tissue whos growth is uncoordinated with surroudning tissue & continues after removal of the initial stimulus.
What are the main forms of cancer for men & women?
PRostate in men
Breast in women
Breast overall
In what 2 ways does cancer spread?
By invading adjacent tissue
By metastasing to other sites
Define prognosis:
The likely course & outcome of the medical condition
What are the main tissues tumours grow in?
Epithelial Connective Blood Lymphoid Neural Germ cells (Ovary/Testis)
What are glandular epithelial tumours called?
prefix Adeno-
Benign are Adenoma
Malignant are Adeno-carcinomas
What are Squamous epithelial tumours called?
Squamous Papilloma
Squamous Carcinoma
Whats the name for all connective tissue tumours?
Sarcomas
What are Bone tumours called?
Osteomas = Benign Osteo-sarcomas = Malignant
What are Fatty tissue tumours called?
Benign are Lipomas
Malignants are Lipo-sarcoma
What are blood tumours called?
There are no benign blood tumours
Malignant are called Leukaemias
Always of the white blood cells
What are lymphoid tissue tumours called?
No benign tumours
Malignant are lymphomas
What are Neural tissue tumours called?
Tumours of central nervous system are Astrocytomas (of astrocytes)
Tumours of the peripheral nervous system are Schwannoma (Schwann cells)
There are no benign neural tumours
What are germ cell tumours called?
Teratomas
Whats differnent about teratomas compared to other tumorus?
Teratomas are composed of various tissues not just one tissue type
What types of teratomas are there?
Ovarian teratomas, usually benign
Testicular teratomas, usually malignant
What 8 criteria are used to assess tumors?
- Growth pattern
- Capsule presence
- Invasion
- Metastases prescence
- cell appearnence
- differentiation
- function
- behaviour
What would be the growth pattern of a benign tumour?
Non-invasive
Are benign tumours capsulateD?
Benign tumors are usually constrained by a connective tissue capsule.
If a tumor metastasied would be considered benign?
No, any metastasised tumor is malignant
How do cells appear in a benign tumor?
They look similar to the normal cells of the tissue
Whats the function like of benign tumor cells?
IF they function at all it will be similar to that of the normal tissue
Do beningn tumors differentiate much?
Benign tumor cells are well differentiated
How dangerous are benign tumors?
They are rarely fatal
Are malignant tumors capsulated?
Generally malignant tumors arnt capsulated though some are capsulated tumors that have penentrated their capsule.
How do cells look in a malignant tumor?
In a malignant tumor cells appear abnormal, unlike the normal tissue cells.
How do malingant tumor cells function?
They lose the normal function fo the tissue
Are malignant tumor cells well differentiated?
No malingant tumor cells have a poor differentiation.
How do malingant tumours behave?
They frequntly cause death.
What does the classification of a tumor depend on?
Its location (type of tissue) And whether its benign or malignant.
