Tuberculosis Flashcards
what bacteria causes TB?
mycobacterium tuberculosis
what type of bacteria is mycobacterium TB?
gram positive bacillus
how is TB transmitted?
via the aerosol route
what are the majority of TB cases?
reactivated TB in patients with a latent infection
describe miliary TB?
TB that spreads through the bloodstream in someone with a weak immune system
spreads to the lungs, brain and bone marrow
where does TB remain when latent?
in a granuloma in the lungs
where does TB move when activated?
to the lymph nodes of the lungs
what is it called when TB is in the lungs lymph nodes, and who is this commonly seen in?
primary lymph node TB
children
what type of necrosis is associated with TB?
caseous
describe the drug treatment for active TB
RIPE for two months
RI for four months
what drugs make up RIPE?
rifampicin
isoniazid
pyrazinamide
ethambutol
describe the drug treatment for latent TB
RI for three months
OR
I for six months
what cell mainly tries to kill TB?
macrophages via phagocytosis
what is the vaccine for TB?
BCG
what three diagnostic tests can be done for TB?
tuberculin skin test
sputum microscopy
chest x ray
