Pharmacology - Rhinitis and Rhinorrhoea Flashcards
how does rhinitis present?
rhinorrhoea
sneezing
itching
nasal congestion
what are the three types of rhinitis?
allergic
non allergic
mixed
what are the three classifications of allergic rhinitis?
seasonal (SAR)
perennial (PAR)
episodic (EAR)
what triggers allergic rhinitis?
inhalation of an antigen, resulting in increased IgE release
triggers mast cell degranulation = immune response
what is non-allergic rhinitis?
any rhinitis which doesn’t involve IgE dependent events
name five types of non-allergic rhinitis
infectious hormonal vasomotor NARES drug induced
when is hormonal rhinitis common?
pregnancy
what is the most common cause of infectious rhinitis?
viral infection
what is NARES?
non allergic rhinitis with eosinophilia syndrome
what drug can cause drug induced rhinitis?
aspirin
what drugs are given for anti-inflammatory effect in rhinitis?
glucocorticoids
what drugs are given to cause mediator receptor blockade in rhinitis?
H1 receptor antagonists
CysLT1 receptor antagonists
what drugs are given to limit nasal blood flow in rhinitis?
vasoconstrictors
what drug can be given as an anti-allergenic for rhinitis?
sodium cromoglicate
what is the mainstay of therapy for allergic rhinitis?
glucocorticoids