TSM 1.31 Flashcards
what happens to the larynx during swallowing?
elevated and towards the soft palate
what does the suprahyoid muscles do?
- elevate hyoid and larynx
what does infrahyoid muscles do?
- depress the hyoid and larynx
which membrane is incision made during emergency tracheostomy?
cricothyroid membrane
which vocal cord is the mucosa tightly bound to?
true vocal cords
describe the gap between vocal cords during quiet respiration?
small gap
describe the gap between vocal cords during forced respiration?
widely separated
describe phonations regarding vocal cords?
- close to each other
- vibrate as air passes between them
describe effort closure?
- vocal cords completely adducted and no air can go through
- grunting noise produced when air escape
what does arytenoid cartilage do? and effect on sound?
- abduction or adduction of vocal ligaments
- changes pitch of sound through changing length of vocal ligament
what does posterior cricoarytenoid muscles do?
- pulls arytenoids down laterally
- abduct the vocal ligaments
- open glottis
which is the only muscle that open glottis?
posterior cricoarytenoid muscle
what happens when there is paralysis of posterior cricoarytenoid muscle?
flaccid closure
what does inter-arytenoids muscles do?
adduction of vocal ligaments
which nerve innervates inter-arytenoids and posterior cricoarytenoids muscles?
recurrent laryngeal nerve
which nerve innervates lateral cricoarytenoid?
recurrent laryngeal nerve
what does lateral cricoarytenoid muscles do?
- rotates arytenoids
- adducts vocal ligaments
what does thyroarytenoid muscles do? and effect on sound?
- shortening and thickening of the vocal cords
- decrease the pitch
what does vocalis muscle do?
- fine adjustments to tension which changes quality of voice
which nerve innervates vocalis and thyroarytenoids muscles?
recurrent laryngeal nerve
what does cricothyroid muscles do? and effect on sound?
- elongation and icrease in tension of vocal ligament
- increases pitch of sound
which nerve innervates cricothyroid muscle?
external laryngeal nerve
what is the function of intrinsic muscles?
- controlling sound production
what is the function of extrinsic muscles?
support and position the larynx within the trachea
which muscle is the only abductor of vocal ligaments?
posterior cricoarytenoid
which muscles pull the epiglottis down over the laryngeal inlet?
- interarytenoids
- aryepiglottic muscle
which muscles elevate the larynx and push epiglottis towards soft palate?
- digastric muscle
- mylohyoid
- stylohyoid
- geniohyoid
which muscle is not supplied by the recurrent laryngeal nerve?
- cricothyroid
what does the internal laryngeal nerve do?
sensory above vocal cords
what nerve provides sensory below vocal cords?
recurrent laryngeal nerve
what does external laryngeal nerve do?
- motor to cricothyroid
where does the superior and middle thyroid veins go to?
internal jugular vein
where does the inferior thyroid vein do to?
brachiocephalic vein
