TSM 1.31

Question 1

what happens to the larynx during swallowing?

Answer 1

elevated and towards the soft palate

Question 2

what does the suprahyoid muscles do?

Answer 2

• elevate hyoid and larynx

Question 3

what does infrahyoid muscles do?

Answer 3

• depress the hyoid and larynx

Question 4

which membrane is incision made during emergency tracheostomy?

Answer 4

cricothyroid membrane

Question 5

which vocal cord is the mucosa tightly bound to?

Answer 5

true vocal cords

Question 6

describe the gap between vocal cords during quiet respiration?

Answer 6

small gap

Question 7

describe the gap between vocal cords during forced respiration?

Answer 7

widely separated

Question 8

describe phonations regarding vocal cords?

Answer 8

• close to each other

- vibrate as air passes between them

Question 9

describe effort closure?

Answer 9

• vocal cords completely adducted and no air can go through

- grunting noise produced when air escape

Question 10

what does arytenoid cartilage do? and effect on sound?

Answer 10

• abduction or adduction of vocal ligaments

- changes pitch of sound through changing length of vocal ligament

Question 11

what does posterior cricoarytenoid muscles do?

Answer 11

• pulls arytenoids down laterally
• abduct the vocal ligaments
• open glottis

Question 12

which is the only muscle that open glottis?

Answer 12

posterior cricoarytenoid muscle

Question 13

what happens when there is paralysis of posterior cricoarytenoid muscle?

Answer 13

flaccid closure

Question 14

what does inter-arytenoids muscles do?

Answer 14

adduction of vocal ligaments

Question 15

which nerve innervates inter-arytenoids and posterior cricoarytenoids muscles?

Answer 15

recurrent laryngeal nerve

Question 16

which nerve innervates lateral cricoarytenoid?

Answer 16

recurrent laryngeal nerve

Question 17

what does lateral cricoarytenoid muscles do?

Answer 17

• rotates arytenoids

- adducts vocal ligaments

Question 18

what does thyroarytenoid muscles do? and effect on sound?

Answer 18

• shortening and thickening of the vocal cords

- decrease the pitch

Question 19

what does vocalis muscle do?

Answer 19

• fine adjustments to tension which changes quality of voice

Question 20

which nerve innervates vocalis and thyroarytenoids muscles?

Answer 20

recurrent laryngeal nerve

Question 21

what does cricothyroid muscles do? and effect on sound?

Answer 21

• elongation and icrease in tension of vocal ligament

- increases pitch of sound

Question 22

which nerve innervates cricothyroid muscle?

Answer 22

external laryngeal nerve

Question 23

what is the function of intrinsic muscles?

Answer 23

• controlling sound production

Question 24

what is the function of extrinsic muscles?

Answer 24

support and position the larynx within the trachea

Question 25

which muscle is the only abductor of vocal ligaments?

Answer 25

posterior cricoarytenoid

Question 26

which muscles pull the epiglottis down over the laryngeal inlet?

Answer 26

• interarytenoids

- aryepiglottic muscle

Question 27

which muscles elevate the larynx and push epiglottis towards soft palate?

Answer 27

• digastric muscle
• mylohyoid
• stylohyoid
• geniohyoid

Question 28

which muscle is not supplied by the recurrent laryngeal nerve?

Answer 28

• cricothyroid

Question 29

what does the internal laryngeal nerve do?

Answer 29

sensory above vocal cords

Question 30

what nerve provides sensory below vocal cords?

Answer 30

recurrent laryngeal nerve

Question 31

what does external laryngeal nerve do?

Answer 31

• motor to cricothyroid

Question 32

where does the superior and middle thyroid veins go to?

Answer 32

internal jugular vein

Question 33

where does the inferior thyroid vein do to?

Answer 33

brachiocephalic vein