TSM 1.31 Flashcards

1
Q

what happens to the larynx during swallowing?

A

elevated and towards the soft palate

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2
Q

what does the suprahyoid muscles do?

A
  • elevate hyoid and larynx
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3
Q

what does infrahyoid muscles do?

A
  • depress the hyoid and larynx
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4
Q

which membrane is incision made during emergency tracheostomy?

A

cricothyroid membrane

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5
Q

which vocal cord is the mucosa tightly bound to?

A

true vocal cords

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6
Q

describe the gap between vocal cords during quiet respiration?

A

small gap

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7
Q

describe the gap between vocal cords during forced respiration?

A

widely separated

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8
Q

describe phonations regarding vocal cords?

A
  • close to each other

- vibrate as air passes between them

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9
Q

describe effort closure?

A
  • vocal cords completely adducted and no air can go through

- grunting noise produced when air escape

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10
Q

what does arytenoid cartilage do? and effect on sound?

A
  • abduction or adduction of vocal ligaments

- changes pitch of sound through changing length of vocal ligament

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11
Q

what does posterior cricoarytenoid muscles do?

A
  • pulls arytenoids down laterally
  • abduct the vocal ligaments
  • open glottis
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12
Q

which is the only muscle that open glottis?

A

posterior cricoarytenoid muscle

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13
Q

what happens when there is paralysis of posterior cricoarytenoid muscle?

A

flaccid closure

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14
Q

what does inter-arytenoids muscles do?

A

adduction of vocal ligaments

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15
Q

which nerve innervates inter-arytenoids and posterior cricoarytenoids muscles?

A

recurrent laryngeal nerve

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16
Q

which nerve innervates lateral cricoarytenoid?

A

recurrent laryngeal nerve

17
Q

what does lateral cricoarytenoid muscles do?

A
  • rotates arytenoids

- adducts vocal ligaments

18
Q

what does thyroarytenoid muscles do? and effect on sound?

A
  • shortening and thickening of the vocal cords

- decrease the pitch

19
Q

what does vocalis muscle do?

A
  • fine adjustments to tension which changes quality of voice
20
Q

which nerve innervates vocalis and thyroarytenoids muscles?

A

recurrent laryngeal nerve

21
Q

what does cricothyroid muscles do? and effect on sound?

A
  • elongation and icrease in tension of vocal ligament

- increases pitch of sound

22
Q

which nerve innervates cricothyroid muscle?

A

external laryngeal nerve

23
Q

what is the function of intrinsic muscles?

A
  • controlling sound production
24
Q

what is the function of extrinsic muscles?

A

support and position the larynx within the trachea

25
which muscle is the only abductor of vocal ligaments?
posterior cricoarytenoid
26
which muscles pull the epiglottis down over the laryngeal inlet?
- interarytenoids | - aryepiglottic muscle
27
which muscles elevate the larynx and push epiglottis towards soft palate?
- digastric muscle - mylohyoid - stylohyoid - geniohyoid
28
which muscle is not supplied by the recurrent laryngeal nerve?
- cricothyroid
29
what does the internal laryngeal nerve do?
sensory above vocal cords
30
what nerve provides sensory below vocal cords?
recurrent laryngeal nerve
31
what does external laryngeal nerve do?
- motor to cricothyroid
32
where does the superior and middle thyroid veins go to?
internal jugular vein
33
where does the inferior thyroid vein do to?
brachiocephalic vein