Trigeminal Nerve Flashcards
What are the three divisions of the trigeminal nerve?
Ophthalmic nerve (V1) Maxillary nerve (V2) Mandibular nerve (V3)
Where does the ophthalmic nerve exit the cranial cavity?
Superior orbital fissure
Where does the maxillary nerve exit the cranial cavity?
Foramen rotundum
Where does the mandibular nerve exit the cranial cavity?
Foramen ovale
The mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve provides sensation from which regions?
Side of head Skin of face over mandible Lower lip Mandibular teeth Temporomandibular joint Mucosa of mouth Anterior 2/3 of tongue
Where does the mandibular nerve exit the skull distally? What is it called then?
Mental foramen
Mental nerve
Where is the mandibular foramen?
On medial aspect of ramus of mandible
Which branch of the mandibular nerve enters the mandible at the mandibular foramen?
Inferior alveolar nerve
Which branches of the mandibular nerve supply the mandibular teeth?
Inferior dental plexus
Which muscles are innervated by the mandibular division of trigeminal nerve?
Masseter
Temporalis
Medial pterygoid
Lateral pterygoid
Which branch of the mandibular nerve travels posterior and superiorly?
Auriculotemporal nerve
Which branch of the mandibular nerve supplies the region of the cheek?
Buccal nerve
Which branch of the mandibular nerve supplies the tongue?
Lingual nerve
When does the mandibular nerve become the inferior alveolar nerve?
In the infratemporal fossa (after it passes through foramen ovale)
What does the auriculotemporal nerve supply?
Side of head and temporomandibular joint
Where does the lingual nerve lie in relation to the inferior alveolar nerve?
Anterior and medial to inferior alveolar nerve
Where is it best to look for inferior alveolar and lingual nerves?
Between the inferior head of the lateral pterygoid muscle and deep head of medial pterygoid muscle
Which divisions of the trigeminal nerve are sensory only?
Ophthalmic nerve
Maxillary nerve
Which regions of sensation are innervated by the ophthalmic division of trigeminal nerve?
Scalp Skin of forehead Superior eyelid Cornea Nose Mucosa of nasal cavity and sinuses
Which regions of sensation are innervated by the maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve?
Skin of face over maxilla Inferior eyelid Upper lip Maxillary teeth Mucosa of nose Maxillary sinuses Palate
Where does the ophthalmic nerve exit the skull distally? What is it called here?
Supra-orbital foramen
Supra-orbital nerve
Where does the maxillary nerve exit the skull distally? What is it called here?
Infra-orbital foramen
Infra-orbital nerve
What are the 3 main branches of the ophthalmic nerve?
Lacrimal nerve
Frontal nerve
Nasociliary nerve
Which branch of the trigeminal nerve passes through the common tendinous ring?
Nasociliary nerve
Where does the frontal nerve lie in the orbit?
Superior to levator palpebrae superioris
Where does the lacrimal nerve travel?
Laterally to the lacrimal gland
Where does the nasociliary nerve lie in the orbit?
Medially
What does the frontal nerve divide into?
Supraorbital nerve
Supratrochlear nerve
What branches of the ophthalmic nerve do not enter the orbit?
Tentorial nerve
Meningeal nerve
Recurrent meningeal nerve
What branches does the nasociliary nerve give?
Posterior ethmoid nerve
Anterior ethmoid nerve
Infratrochlear nerve
Which branches of the opthalmic nerve supply the nasal cavity?
Posterior and anterior ethmoid nerve
Where does the nasociliary nerve lie in relation to the optic nerve?
Crosses over optic nerve
Where does the maxillary nerve enter the orbit?
Inferior orbital fissure
How does the maxillary nerve travel through the orbit?
Through the infraorbital groove/canal
What branches does the maxillary nerve give off in the orbit?
Zygomatic nerve
Infraorbital nerve
Anterior/middle/posterior superior alveolar nerves
What branch does the maxillary nerve give off that does not enter the orbit?
Meningeal branch
What branches does the zygomatic nerve give off?
Zygomatico-temporal nerve
Zygomatico-facial nerve
What are the cutaneous nerves of the face that branch off of the ophthalmic nerve?
Supra-orbital nerve Supra-trochlear nerve Lacrimal nerve Infra-trochlear nerve External nasal nerve
Name the cutaneous nerves of the face that branch off of the maxillary nerve.
Zygomatico-temporal nerve
Zygomatico-facial nerve
Infra-orbital nerve
What are the cutaneous nerves associated with the mandibular nerve?
Auriculotemporal nerve
Buccal nerve
Mental nerve
