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HK 3502 > The Skull > Flashcards

The Skull Flashcards

1
Q

Which bones make up the neurocranium?

A 
Frontal
Parietal
Temporal
Occipital
Sphenoid
Ethmoid
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2
Q

Which bones make up the viscerocranium?

A 
Mandible
Maxilla
Palatine
Zygomatic
Lacrimal
Nasal
Vomer
Inferior nasal conchae
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3
Q

How many bones make up the neurocranium?

A

8

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4
Q

How many bones make up the viscerocranium?

A

14

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5
Q

Which bones of the neurocranium are single?

A

Frontal
Occipital
Sphenoid
Ethmoid

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6
Q

Which bones of the neurocranium are paired?

A

Parietal

Temporal

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7
Q

Which bone of the skull articulates with C1 vertebra for head movement?

A

Occipital

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8
Q

Which bones make up the cranial roof?

A

Frontal, 2 parietal, part of the occipital

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9
Q

What is the role of the nasal conchae?

A

Increases the surface area of the mucosa to warm/humidify inspired air

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10
Q

Which bony landmark articulates with C1 for head movement?

A

Occipital condyles

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11
Q

What are the 5 sutures of the skull?

A 
Coronal
Sagittal
Lambdoid
Squamous
Pterion
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12
Q

What are sutures?

A

Dense, fibrous joints

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13
Q

What bones are separated by the coronal suture?

A

Frontal and 2 parietal bones

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14
Q

Which bones are separated by the sagittal suture?

A

The 2 parietal bones

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15
Q

Which bones are connected by the lambdoid suture?

A

Parietal and occipital bones

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16
Q

Which bones are separated by the squamous suture?

A

The parietal bones and squamous portion of temporal bone

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17
Q

Which bones are separated by the pterion?

A

Frontal
Parietal
Sphenoid (greater wing)
Temporal (squamous portion)

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18
Q

What is the weakest point of the skull?

A

Pterion

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19
Q

What is present in neonatal skulls that is not in adult skulls?

A

Fontanelles, or soft spots

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20
Q

Where are the fontanelles?

A

Anterior fontanelle

Posterior fontanelle

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21
Q

What does a sunken anterior fontanelle indicate?

A

Dehydration

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22
Q

What does a bulging anterior fontanelle indicate?

A

Increased intracranial pressure

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23
Q

Which bone does the medulla oblongata/spinal cord travel through? What is the name of that opening?

A

Occipital bone

Opening is called foramen magnum

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24
Q

What are some functions of fontanelles?

A

Allow bones to overlap during childbirth

Allows brain growth without compression from the skull

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25
What is the only free-moving bone of the skull?
Mandible
26
What does palatine make up?
Posterior 1/3 of hard palate, inferior floor of orbit
27
How big is the lacrimal bone?
Fingernail-sized
28
Which bone do all viscerocranium bones connect to (except mandible)?
Maxilla
29
What bone contains the supraorbital margin/notch/foramen?
Frontal bone
30
Which openings are found on the anterior aspect of the sphenoid bone?
Optic canal Superior orbital fissure Inferior orbital fissure
31
Which bones contribute to the inferior orbital fissure?
Sphenoid | Zygomatic
32
Which bones make up the nasal septum?
Ethmoid | Vomer
33
Which bone contains the middle nasal conchae?
Ethmoid bone
34
Which bone contains the infraorbital margin and foramen?
Maxillary bones
35
What are the alveolar processes?
Sockets for teeth in the maxillary and mandibular bones
36
Which bones make up the infraorbital margin?
Maxillary bones | Zygomatic bones
37
Which bone contains the mental foramen?
Mandible
38
What is the angle of the mandible?
Sharp turn of mandible on lateral and posterior aspects
39
What is the role of the lacrimal bones?
Opening for excess tears to empty into nasal cavity
40
Which bones make up the medial wall of the orbit?
Lacrimal | Ethmoid
41
Which bones make up the zygomatic arch?
Zygomatic | Temporal
42
Which bone contains the mastoid process?
Temporal
43
Which bone contains the styloid process?
Temporal
44
Which bone contains the external acoustic meatus?
Temporal
45
Where is the head of the mandible?
Posterior aspect of mandible; articulates with the mandibular fossa of temporal bone
46
What part of the mandible is the ramus?
Vertical aspect
47
What part of the mandible is the body?
Horizontal aspect
48
Which nuchal line extends from the occipital protuberance?
Superior nuchal line
49
What are paranasal sinuses?
Mucosal-lined air cavities within bones
50
What are the 4 paranasal sinuses?
Frontal sinuses Ethmoid cells Sphenoid sinuses Maxillary sinuses
51
What are some functions of paranasal sinuses?
``` Lighten the head Warm inspired air Increase resonance of voices Buffer in facial trauma Immune defence wtihin nasal cavity ```
52
Which bones contribute to the orbit of the skull?
``` Frontal Sphenoid Ethmoid Lacrimal Zygomatic Maxilla Palatine ```
53
What are the 3 cranial fossae?
Anterior cranial fossa Middle cranial fossa Posterior cranial fossa
54
Which bones of the cranial base are seen on the inferior surface of the skull?
Sphenoid Temporal Occipital
55
Which brain region is contained in the anterior cranial fossa?
Frontal lobes
56
What is another name for the cranial roof?
Calvaria
57
Which brain region is contained in the middle cranial fossa?
Temporal lobes
58
Which brain regions are contained in the posterior cranial fossa?
Cerebellum | Medulla oblongata
59
Which cranial fossa is deepest?
Posterior cranial fossa
60
Which bones are seen on the internal surface of the cranial base?
``` Frontal Ethmoid Sphenoid Temporal Parietal Occipital ```
61
Which bones contribute to the anterior cranial fossa?
Frontal (orbital plates) Ethmoid Sphenoid
62
Which bones contribute to the middle cranial fossa?
Sphenoid (greater wings) | Temporal (squamous and petrous portions)
63
Which bones contribute to the posterior cranial fossa?
Temporal Occipital Small contributions from parietal and sphenoid
64
Which bone can you identify on the internal surface of the cranial base, but not the exterior surface of the cranial base?
Ethmoid
65
What are the bony landmarks of the ethmoid bone as seen from a superior view of the cranial base?
``` Crista galli (protrusion in middle) Cribiform plate (lateral to crista galli) Olfactory foramina (holes in cribiform plate) ```
66
What role does the crista galli play?
Attachment for dura mater
67
What lies in the sella turcica?
Pituitary gland
68
Which landmark lies anterior to sella turcica?
Tuberculum sellae
69
Which landmark lies posterior to sella turcica?
Dorsum sellae
70
Where is the superior orbital fissure found?
Inferior to lesser wings of sphenoid | Posterior wall of orbit
71
Which direction do structures passing through foramen rotundum go?
Structures head anterior
72
Which direction do neurovascular structures passing through foramen ovale go?
Inferior
73
Which direction do structures passing through foramen spinosum go?
Inferior
74
What is unique about foramen lacerum?
Covered with cartilege
75
Where is the internal acoustic meatus found?
Temporal bone, petrous portion, on superior aspect of cranial base
76
Which bones contribute to foramen lacerum?
Temporal Sphenoid Occipital
77
Where is the hypoglossal canal found?
In the occipital bone, on medial aspect of foramen magnum
78
Which bones contribute to the jugular foramen?
Occipital and temporal bones
79
Which region do the palatine processes of the maxillar bone contribute to?
Anterior 2/3 of hard palate
80
Which bones contribute to the inferior orbital fissure?
Maxilla Palatine Sphenoid Zygomatic
81
What is the role of the medial and lateral pterygoid plates?
Extend inferiorly for muscle of mastication attachment
82
What opening in the sphenoid bone is smallest?
Foramen spinosum
83
Where is the stylomastoid foramen found?
On inferior aspect of skull in temporal bone, between mastoid and styloid processes
84
Where is the carotid canal found?
On medial, inferior aspect of temporal bone, medial to styloid process
85
What passes through the carotid canal?
Internal carotid artery
86
Which bones contribute to the jugular foramen?
Temporal | Occipital
87
Which bony landmarks on the occipital bone are muscle attachment sites?
External occipital protuberance Superior nuchal line Inferior nuchal line
88
Which openings can you identify on the external surface of the cranial base but not the internal surface?
Inferior occipital fissure External acoustic meatus Stylomastoid foramen
89
Which openings can you identify on the internal surface of the cranial base but not the external surface?
Internal acoustic meatus | Superior orbital fissure
90
The mandible articulates with which bone? What is the name of this joint?
Temporal bone | Temporomandibular joint
91
Which bony landmark of the sphenoid bone contributes to the anterior cranial fossa?
Lesser wings
92
Which bony landmark of the sphenoid bone contributes to the middle cranial fossa?
Greater wings

HK 3502 (17 decks)

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