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HK 3502 > Leg > Flashcards

Leg Flashcards

1
Q

What actions are the posterior compartment of the leg responsible for?

A

Flexion of knee, digits, and plantarflexion

Inversion

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2
Q

What actions are the anterior compartment of the leg responsible for?

A

Extension
Dorsiflexion
Inversion

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3
Q

What actions are the lateral compartment of the leg responsible for?

A

Eversion

Plantarflexion (weak)

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4
Q

Which muscles are responsible for dorsiflexion?

A

Those anterior to malleolus

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5
Q

Which muscles are responsible for plantarflexion?

A

Those posterior to malleolus

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6
Q

What runs between the fibula and tibia?

A

Interosseous membrane

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7
Q

Where is the sciatic nerve found in the leg?

A

Deep to the long head of biceps femoris

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8
Q

What does the sciatic nerve divide into?

A

Common fibular nerve

Tibial nerve

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9
Q

What does the common fibular nerve divide into?

A

Superficial branch and deep branch

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10
Q

What compartment(s) of the leg does the common fibular nerve innervate?

A

Anterior and lateral compartments of leg

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11
Q

What compartment(s) of the leg does the tibial nerve innervate?

A

Posterior compartment of leg

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12
Q

What component of the leg does the superficial branch of the common fibular nerve innervate?

A

Lateral compartment of the leg

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13
Q

What component of the leg does the deep branch of the common fibular nerve innervate?

A

Anterior compartment of leg

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14
Q

Where does the common fibular nerve travel?

A

Toward the proximal aspect of the head of the fibula

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15
Q

What does the popliteal artery divide into ?

A

Anterior tibial artery
Fibular artery
Posterior tibial artery

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16
Q

What does the fibular artery branch from?

A

The posterior tibial artery

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17
Q

Which artery travels with the tibial nerve?

A

Posterior tibial artery

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18
Q

Which artery travels with the deep branch of the common fibular nerve?

A

Anterior tibial artery

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19
Q

Where does the blood supply to the lateral compartment of the leg come from?

A

Perforating branches of the fibular artery and anterior tibial artery

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20
Q

Which muscles make up the anterior compartment of the leg?

A

Tibialis anterior
Extensor digitorum longus
Extensor hallucis longus

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21
Q

Which muscles make up the lateral compartment of the leg?

A

Fibularis longus

Fibularis brevis

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22
Q

Which muscles make up the posterior component of the leg?

A 
Gastrocnemius
Soleus
Plantaris
Tibialis Posterior
Flexor Digitorum Longus
Flexor Hallucis Longus
Popliteus
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23
Q

What are the 3 bone groups in the foot?

A

Phalanges
Metatarsals
Tarsals

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24
Q

What are the tarsal bones called?

A 
Calcaneus
Talus
Cuboid
Navicular
Cuneiforms (medial, intermediate, lateral)
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25
Which tarsal bones are in the proximal row?
Calcaneus | Talus
26
Which tarsal bones are in the intermediate row?
Navicular
27
Which tarsal bones are in the distal row?
Cuboid Medial cuneiform Intermediate cuneiform Lateral cuneiform
28
Where does the talus bone sit in relation to calcaneus?
Talus is superior to calcaneus
29
What is the sustentaculum tali?
Bony ridge associated with the medial aspect of calcaneus for talus
30
Which bones does calcaneus articulate with?
Talus and cuboid
31
Which bones does talus articulate with?
Calcaneus and navicular bone
32
Which muscles make up the superficial posterior compartment of the leg?
Gastrocnemius Soleus Plantaris
33
Which muscles make up the deep posterior compartment of the leg?
Tibialis posterior Flexor hallucis longus Flexor digitorum longus Popliteus
34
Where does the lateral head of gastrocnemius originate?
Lateral condyle of femur
35
Where does the medial head of gastrocnemius originate?
Superior to medial condyle of femur (popliteal surface)
36
Where does plantaris originate?
Lateral condyle of femur
37
Where does soleus originate?
Posterior fibula - Superior 1/4 | Posterior tibia - Soleal line
38
Which muscles insert at the posterior aspect of calcaneus via calcaneal tendon?
Gastrocnemius Plantaris Soleus
39
Which actions do gastrocnemius contribute to?
Flexion at knee Plantar flexion at ankle Raises heel when walking
40
Which action does plantaris do?
Plantar flexion at ankle (weak)
41
Which action does soleus do?
Plantar flexion at ankle
42
Which muscles does the tibial nerve innervate?
Gastrocnemius Plantaris Soleus Popliteus
43
Where does popliteus originate?
Lateral surface of lateral condyle of femur
44
Where does popliteus insert?
Posterior surface of tibia, superior to soleal line
45
Which actions does popliteus contribute to?
``` Flexion at knee (weak) Unlocks knee (Rotate femur on fixed tibia, rotate tibia of unplanted limb) ```
46
Where does tibialis posterior originate?
Posterior tibia Posterior fibula Interosseous membrane
47
Where does tibialis posterior insert?
Navicular Cuneiforms (MIL) Cuboid Bases of metatarsals 2-4
48
Where does flexor digitorum longus originate?
Posterior tibia
49
Where does flexor digitorum longus insert?
Base of distal phalanges 2-5
50
Where does flexor hallucis longus originate?
Posterior fibula | Interosseous membrane
51
Where does flexor hallucis longus insert?
Base of distal phalanx 1
52
What actions does tibialis posterior contribute to?
Plantarflexion at ankle | Inversion of foot (medial aspect lifts up)
53
What actions does flexor hallucis longus contribute to?
Plantarflexion at ankle | Flexion at joints proximal to insertion
54
What actions does flexor digitorum longus contribute to?
Plantarflexion at ankle | Flexion at joints proximal to insertion
55
What order do the deep posterior muscles of the leg wrap around the medial malleolus, from anterior to posterior?
Tibialis posterior Flexor digitorum longus Flexor hallucis longus
56
Where does tibialis anterior originate?
Tibia - lateral surface
57
Where does tibialis anterior insert?
1st Metatarsal | Medial cuneiform
58
Where does extensor digitorum longus originate?
Fibula - anterior surface
59
Where does extensor digitorum longus insert?
Middle and distal phalanges of lateral 4 digits
60
Where does extensor hallucis longus originate?
Fibula - anterior surface
61
Where does extensor hallucis longus insert?
Distal phalanx of great toe
62
What actions does tibialis anterior contribute to?
Dorsiflexion at ankle | Inversion of foot
63
What actions does extensor hallucis longus contribute to?
Dorsiflexion at ankle | Extension at joints proximal to insertion
64
What actions does extensor digitorum longus contribute to?
Dorsiflexion at ankle | Extension at joints proximal to insertion
65
Which muscles are innervated by the deep branch of the common fibular nerve?
Tibialis anterior Extensor hallucis longus Extensor digitorum longus
66
Which muscles contribute to inversion of the foot?
Tibialis anterior | Tibialis posterior
67
Where do fibularis longus and brevis originate?
Lateral aspect of fibula
68
Where does fibularis longus insert?
Medial cuneiform | Base of 1st metatarsal (along inferior aspect of foot)
69
Where does fibularis brevis insert?
Tuberosity of 5th metatarsal
70
Where is fibularis longus in relation to fibularis brevis?
Superficial
71
Which muscles are innervated by the superficial branch of the common fibular nerve?
Fibularis longus | Fibularis brevis
72
Which actions do fibularis longus and fibularis brevis contribute to?
Eversion of foot | Plantar flexion at ankle (weak)
73
How does the anterior tibial artery gain access to the anterior compartment of the leg?
Passes through the interosseous membrane
74
Where does the fibular artery branch from?
Posterior tibial artery
75
How does popliteus lie in relation to soleus?
Superiorly. The inferior border of poplities is at the same location as the superior border of soleus
76
Where does the popliteal artery divide?
At the line where popliteus and soleus meet
77
What neurovascular structures pass between the tibial and fibular proximal attachments of soleus?
Posterior tibial artery | Tibial nerve
78
What makes up the medial border of the popliteal fossa?
Semimembranosus | Semitendinosus
79
What makes up the lateral border of the popliteal fossa?
2 heads of biceps femoris
80
What makes up the inferior border of the popliteal fossa?
2 heads of gastrocnemius
81
What are the contents of the popliteal artery, from superficial to deep?
Nerve Vein Artery
82
Where does the sciatic nerve divide?
In the popliteal fossa
83
Where does the common fibular nerve travel?
Superficial on the lateral head of gastrocnemius, toward the head of the fibula
84
Where does the common fibular nerve branch?
At the proximal aspect of fibularis longus
85
What muscle tendon of insertion does the common fibular branch follow?
Biceps femoris
86
Where does the deep branch of the common fibular nerve lie in relation to the anterior tibial artery?
Deep branch of the common fibular nerve is lateral to the anterior tibial artery
87
Where do soleus and plantaris lie in relation to gastrocnemius?
Deep to gastrocnemius
88
Where does popliteal artery divide to anterior and posterior tibial arteries?
At inferior border of popliteus
89
Where do the arteries gain access to the posterior leg?
At arch of insertion of soleus
90
Where do the arteries travel in the posterior leg?
Deep to gastrocnemius and soleus

HK 3502 (17 decks)

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