Gluteal Region Flashcards
Which bundle of nerves innervates the gluteal region?
Sacral plexus
Which muscle is innervated by the inferior gluteal nerve?
Gluteus maximus
Which muscles are innervated by the superior gluteal nerve?
Gluteus medius
Gluteus minimus
Tensor of fascia lata
What is the iliotibial tract and where does it insert?
Lateral thickening of fascia sleeve; Lateral condyle of tibia
Which muscles follow the iliotibial tract to their insertion?
Gluteus maximus and tensor of fascia lata
Where does gluteus maximus originate?
From posterior ileum to posterior gluteal line
Where does gluteus medius originate?
Between the posterior gluteal line and anterior gluteal line
Where does gluteus minimus originate?
Between the anterior gluteal line and inferior gluteal line
Where does the sciatic nerve usually exit the pelvic region?
Inferior to piriformis through the greater sciatic foramen
Which 4 muscles insert at the medial aspect of the greater trochanter of the femur?
Obturator internus
Obturator externus
Superior gamellus
Inferior gamellus
What is the quadrate tubercle?
Midpoint of intertrochanteric crest
What is the linea aspera?
A groove on the posterior aspect of the femur that swings laterally to the gluteal tuberosity
Where is piriformis found in relation to the gluteal muscles?
At the inferior border of gluteus medius/minimus
Where does gluteus maximus originate?
Ilium: posterior to PGL
Sacrum
Sacrotuberous ligament
Where does gluteus maximus insert?
Gluteal tuberosity of femur
Lateral condyle of tibia via iliotibial tract
Which actions does gluteus maximus contribute to?
Extension of femur (back)
Lateral rotation of femur
Abduction of femur (by upper fibres)
Adduction of femur (by lower fibres)
What nerve innervates gluteus maximus?
Inferior gluteal nerve
Which muscle from the upper body is gluteus medius similar to?
Deltoid
Where does gluteus medius originate?
Ilium: between anterior and posterior gluteal lines
Where does gluteus medius insert?
Greater trochanter of femur: Lateral aspect
Which actions does gluteus medius contribute to?
Abduction of femur
Medial rotation and flexion at hip (by anterior fibres)
Lateral rotation and extension at hip (by posterior fibres)
Steadies pelvis when opposite limb is raised
Which nerve innervates gluteus medius?
Superior gluteal nerve
Where does gluteus minimus originate?
Ilium: between anterior and inferior gluteal lines
Where does gluteus minimus insert?
Greater trochanter of femur: anterior aspect
Which actions does gluteus minimus contribute to?
Abduction of femur
Medial rotation and flexion at hip
Steadies pelvis when opposite limb is raised
Which nerve innervates gluteus minimus?
Superior gluteal line
What is trandelenberg gait?
Hip of unaffected side drops due to weak hip abductors (i.e., gluteus minimus/medius)
Where does tensor of fascia lata originate?
ASIS
Iliac crest
Where does tensor of fascia lata insert?
Lateral condyle of tibia via iliotibial tract
Which actions does tensor of fascia lata contribute to?
Abduction of femur
Medial rotation of femur
Flexion at hip
Which nerve innervates tensor of fascia lata?
Superior gluteal nerve
Where does the superior gluteal nerve exit the pelvic region?
Through the greater sciatic foramen on the superior border of piriformis
Where does the inferior gluteal nerve exit the pelvic region?
Through the greater sciatic foramen on the inferior border of piriformis
Between which gluteal muscles does the superior gluteal nerve pass?
Between gluteus medius and gluteus minimus, toward tensor fascia lata (anteriorly)
Where does the inferior gluteal nerve travel in the gluteal region?
It empties into gluteus maximus
Which muscles are considered small lateral rotators at hip?
Piriformis Superior gemellus Obturator internus Inferior gemellus Quadratus femoris
Which muscle of the small lateral rotators of the hip does NOT abduct the thigh? Why?
Quadratus femoris; it is horizontally situated, rather than diagonal
Which actions do all of the small lateral rotators of the hip contribute to?
Lateral rotation at hip joint
Stabilize head of femur in acetabulum
Which actions does obturator externus contribute to?
Assists in lateral rotation of thigh
Stabilizes hip joint
Where does superior gemellus originate?
Ischial spine
Where does inferior gemellus originate?
Ischial tuberosity
Where does obturator externus originate?
Anterior aspect of hip bone
Where does quadratus femoris originate?
Anterior aspect of ischial tuberosity
