Triangles of the Neck Flashcards
1
Q
- thin CT that lies between the dermis and investing layer of deep cervical fascia
- contents: sensory nerves, blood and lymph vessels, superficial lymph nodes, fat, platysma muscle (muscle of facial expression, innervation by facial N.)
A
subcutaneous layer
2
Q
What are the major landmarks within the neck?
A
- cervical C7 vertebra
- hyoid bone (body at C3-4 axial level, suspended by muscles, has greater and lesser horns)
- thyroid and cricoid cartilages (cricoid at C6 level)
- clavicle and sternum
- mandible
3
Q
- superficial vein of the neck (overlies surface of investing fascia)
- junction of superficial temporal vein and maxillary vein
- runs deep within parotid gland
A
retromandibular vein
4
Q
- superficial vein of the neck (overlies surface of investing fascia)
- crosses over upper 2/3’s of SCM muscle
- may be absent
A
external jugular vein
5
Q
- superficial vein of the neck (overlies surface of investing fascia)
- runs off the midline to the root of the neck and connects w/ the subclavian vein
A
anterior jugular vein
6
Q
- superficial cutaneous nerve that originates from cervical plexus and emerges from posterior margin of mid-SCM muscle
- runs along border of SCM relaying scalp sensory information
A
lesser occipital N. (C2, C3)
7
Q
- superficial cutaneous nerve that originates from cervical plexus and emerges from posterior margin of mid-SCM muscle
- crosses SCM
- supplies skin overlying anterior triangle of neck
A
transverse cervical N. (C2, C3)
8
Q
- superficial cutaneous nerve that originates from cervical plexus and emerges from posterior margin of mid-SCM muscle
- runs w/ EJV on surface of SCM muscle
- supplies posterior auricle and area extending from mandibular angle to mastoid process
A
greater occipital N. (C2, C3)
9
Q
- superficial cutaneous nerve that originates from cervical plexus and emerges from posterior margin of mid-SCM muscle
- supplies root of neck in area of clavicle, acromion, and sternum
A
supraclavicular N. (C3, C4)
10
Q
What is the nerve point of neck?
A
area around the mid-SCM that is used as the site of application anesthetic
11
Q
- fascia of neck
- most superficial, surrounds entire neck and encloses SCM and trapezius muscles and parotid and submandibular glands
A
investing fascia
12
Q
- fascia of neck
- located in anterior of neck and bleds w/ pericardium
- contains infrahyoid muscles and buccopharyngeal fascia
A
pretracheal fascia
13
Q
- fascia of neck
- encloses vertebral column and associated muscles
- extends laterally as axillary sheath into arm
A
prevertebral fascia
14
Q
- fascia of neck
- covers carotids, IJV, and vagus N.
A
carotid sheath
15
Q
- fascia of neck
- posterior to pharynx and esophagus
- bounded by buccopharyngeal and prevertebral fascia and carotid sheath
- extends from base of skull to mediastinum
- permits movement of pharynx, larynx and esophagus during swallowing
- easy route for URI or oral infections to spread
A
retropharyngeal space
16
Q
What are the borders of the anterior triangle of the neck?
A
- midline of neck (anterior)
- sternocleidomastoid M. (posterior)
- inferior border of mandible (superior)
17
Q
What are the borders of the posterior triangle of the neck?
A
- sternocleidomastoid M. (anterior)
- trapezius M. (posterior)
- clavicle (inferior)