Tri B - Blood Flashcards
Name the formed elements of blood
Red blood cells
White blood cells
Platelet cell fragments
What is the Haematocrit?
Value indicating how many red blood cells are in the blood
~ 45% of total blood volume
Describe the shape of red blood cells
Flattened, biconcave discs
The shape allows for a greater surface area
Diameter similar to smallest capillary
What is the function of red blood cells?
To transport gases in the circulation
- O2
- CO2
Name and describe the molecule that assists transport in red blood cells
Haemoglobin (Hb)
Hb is a pigment molecule
2 parts : protein (globin)
Pigment (haem) –> contains iron
Haem carries oxygen
Describe the structure of red blood cells
Few organelles
No mitochondria
No nucleus
Short life span - ~120 days
Where are red blood cells produced?
In the bone marrow
In adults –> Chest bones
- Cranium
- Vertebrae and pelvis
- Long bones of arms and legs
Describe how large bone marrow cells become red blood cells
Large bone marrow cells (possess nucleus)
–> Several cell stages
–> gradually lose nucleus
–> mature red blood cells
What hormone controls the process of stem cells becoming red blood cells?
Erythropoietin (EPO)
Describe what happens when there is a decreased O2 level
Haemorrhage, decreased cardiac efficiency
Stimulates production of EPO
- More RBC production
–> increased oxygen carrying capabilities
Why is EPO and blood doping banned in athletics?
Gives an unfair advantage
Also dangerous - increased blood viscosity
