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Psych 102 > Treatment > Flashcards

Treatment Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the 2 families of treatment?

A
  • biomedical treatments
  • psychotherapy
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2
Q

What is direct intervention?

A

address the cause in hopes of curing the disorder

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3
Q

What is symptom support?

A

reduce impairment of symptoms, but not the underlying cause

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4
Q

What is insight?

A

help patient learn about likely causes of disorder and decide how to deal with them

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5
Q

What are the problems with treatment?

A
  • self report is unreliable
  • worst symptoms often go on their own> natural improvement
  • placebo effects
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6
Q

What are the 2 key measures of treatment effectiveness?

A
  • efficacy: how well treatment works in ideal conditions
  • effectiveness: how well treatment works in real life
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7
Q

Why is efficacy always higher than effectiveness?

A
  • Treatment might be prohibitively expensive.
  • Treatment might produce severe side-effects.
  • treatment might be stigmatized.
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8
Q

What is treatment outcome research?

A

“gold standard” type of experiment that assesses the efficacy and/or effectiveness of an intervention

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9
Q

What is the inactive control group of the Treatment outcome research experiment?

A
  • Measures efficacy/effectiveness in comparison to doing nothing. ­
  • Measures degree of natural improvement.
    ­- Gives measure of patient bias for assessing pre- vs. post-symptoms.
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10
Q

What is the active control group of the Treatment outcome research experiment?

A
  • Measures efficacy/effectiveness in comparison to doing something.
    ­- Measures placebo effects.
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11
Q

What is the biomedical approach?

A
  • treatments aimed at directly altering the functioning of the brain through drugs, stimulation, surgery, etc.
  • effectiveness: high; generally cheap and easy to administer with few side-effects
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12
Q

What are antipsychotic medications?

A
  • drugs primarily used to treat psychotic conditions.
  • 2 types:
    Conventional/Typical: exclusively block dopamine receptors; help neg sympt
    Atypical: block activity of both serotonin and dopamine; help pos sympt
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13
Q

What are anxiolytics?

A
  • drugs used to treat anxiety
  • 3 types
    Benzodiazepines: drugs that increase GABA
    Beta Blockers: drugs that block norepinephrine, controlling muscle tension, blood pressure
    Buspirone: drug that increases serotonin levels
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14
Q

What are antidepresants?

A
  • medication used to treat depression, anxiety, and several others
  • 3 types
    SSRIs: drugs that increase the amount of serotonin in the brain
    Bupropion: increases norepinephrine and dopamine
    SNRIs: increase both serotonin and norepinephrine
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15
Q

What are mood stabilisers?

A
  • drugs used to treat bipolar disorder that attempt to decrease the severity of depressive and manic episodes.
  • 2 types
    Mineral Salts/Lithium: decrease epinephrine and increase serotonin
    Anticonvulsant: increase GABA and norepinepherine
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16
Q

What are psychostimulants?

A
  • drugs used to treat attentional disorders; selectively release norepinephrine, serotonin, and dopamine, boosting attention, wakefulness, and persistence.
17
Q

What is intervention focused therapy?

A

help clients change their thinking and behaving to help them cope with symptoms and/or directly address the cause of the disorder

18
Q

What are the 3 types of insight therapy?

A
  • psychodynamic
  • humanistic
  • existential
19
Q

What are the 4 types of intervention therapy?

A
  • behavioural
  • cognitive
  • Cbt
  • third wave
20
Q

What is psychodynamic therapy?

A

based on Freudian principles of identifying and resolving unconscious conflicts

21
Q

What are the unique features of psychodynamic theory?

A
  1. interpretation: therapist must interpret cause of client’s problems
  2. transference: client projects unconscious desires on therapist, who analyses them
  3. removing interference: distraction free
  4. long time: 2 years average
22
Q

What are psychodynamic therapy techniques?

A
  • unstructured talk: no pre-determined topic
  • free association: free generation of ideas
  • dream analysis: keep dream journals
  • resistance: defense mechanisms signs of success of therapy
23
Q

What is person- centered therapy?

A
  • humanistic therapy
  • therapist acts as a mirror through which client reaches their own insight
  • focus on empathy and radical acceptance
24
Q

What are unique features of person centered therapy?

A
  • insight comes from patient not therapist
  • therapist provides compassionate, judgement free environment
  • therapist is genuinely themselves, acts as model for client
  • open com., empathy, acceptance
25
Q

What are techniques of person centered therapy?

A
  • Unconditional positive regard: caring attitude
  • active listening: empathetic listening
  • motivational interviewing: therapists clarifies reasons client may want to change behavior
26
Q

What is gestalt therapy?

A

goal of helping the client become aware of their thoughts, behaviours, experiences, and feelings and to “own” or take responsibility for them

27
Q

What is behaviour therapy?

A

assumes that disordered behaviour is learned and that symptom relief is achieved through changing overt, maladaptive behaviours into more constructive behaviours.

28
Q

What is cognitive therapy?

A

focuses on helping a client identify and correct any distorted thinking about self, others, or the world

29
Q

What is cognitive restructuring?

A

teaches clients to question the automatic beliefs, assumptions, and predictions that often lead to negative emotions and to replace negative thinking with more realistic and positive beliefs

30
Q

What is cognitive behavioural therapy?

A
  • a blend of cognitive and behavioural therapeutic strategies
  • acknowledges that there may be behaviours that people cannot control through rational thought, but that there are ways of helping people think more rationally when thought plays a role
  • problem-focused: specific problems
  • action-oriented: selecting specific strategies
31
Q

What is group therapy?

A
  • a type of therapy in which multiple participants work on their individual problems in a group atmosphere.
  • therapist serves as group facilitator

Psych 102 (8 decks)

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