travelers Flashcards
travelers diarrhea prophylaxis
bismuth sulfate (pepto bismol)
who to not use pepto/bismuth in
pregnancy aspirin allergy renal insufficiency gout taking anti coags
what happens if you take aspirin or other salicylates with pepto
salicylate toxicity
bismuth subs./pepto approved for kids
12 or older
antibiotic prophylaxis for travelers diarrhea should or should not be used by most travelers
should not
if abx ppx is indicated fr travelers diarrhea what to use
rifaximin
treatment of travelers diarrhea
1) hydration for all (fluid and salt intake increase)
2) loperamide (decreases frequency and urgency)
3) bismuth subsalicylate
4) abx for moderate or severe (azithromycin, quinolones, rifaximin) (shorten duration)
5) dysentery- azithromycin is preferred
TD tx with dysentery
azithromycin preferred
typhoid fever is caused by what
salmonella typhii
how is typhoid fever spread
food or water contaminated by the feces of an infected person
(fecal oral)
typhoid vaccines
vivotif (live oral capsules) typhim vi (IM injection not live)
oral typhoid vaccine should be completed how early before travel
IM typhoid…
1 week or more
2 weeks or more
rice water stools
cholera
polio if traveling to polio areas
single dose life time booster at least 4 weeks before travel
japanese encephalitis vaccine
Ixiaro
hep b vaccine is extremely important for travelers who are
planning on receiving medical care or providing medical care
have unprotected sexual encounters
piercings and tattoos
the 3 dose series will take 6 months to complete
complete as many as you can prior to leaving and complete when you return home
diagnosis of meningitis is made by
lumbar puncture
meningitis is spread by
resp. secretions
mosquitos transmit what
japanese encephalitis, yellow fever, dengue, malaria, zika
dengue tx is
supportive and the vaccine is only for people who have had prior infection
malaria specific mosquito
anopheles
malaria prophylaxis is ___
recommended as it can be fatal even if ppx is used
malaria ppx must be started __ to travel and then continued after returning
prior
do not take doxy with ___
milk
quick start malaria meds how many days prior to travel
1-2 days
advance start malaria meds how many days prior to travel
1-2 weeks
you cant use quick start methods for malaria in ___
pregnancy
quick start malaria meds
atovaquone/proguanil (malarone)
doxycycline (vibramycin, doryx)
primaquine
advance start malaria meds
chloroquine
mefloquine
tafenoquine
malaria med safe in kids and pregnancy
chloroquin and mefloquine, start 1-2 weeks prior to travel
quick starts are taken ____
daily
advance starts are taken
weekly
do not use primaquine or tafenoquine in ___
g6pd def. risk of hemolytic anemia
mefloquine not used in ___ ___ or ____
underlying psych. conditions
seizures
arrhymthmias
zika virus has __ ___
no vaccine
prophylaxis for altitude sickness
diamox (acetazolamide)
125mg BID started one day before
acetazolamide is CI with ___
sulfa allergy
