autonomic nervous system Flashcards
vasopressors are adrenergic drugs that (sympathetic medications) that do what to heart rate
increase
-any drug that increases heart rate has an increased chance of tachyarrhythmias
medication for anticholinergic toxicity (example drugs: scolpalamine patch, atropine, benadryl)
Physostigmine (administered slow IV or IM in the ER)
Physostigmine MOA
it inhibits the enzyme acetylcholinesterase
what are the 4 pure beta 2 agonists (medications to treat asthma)
terbutaline, albuterol, metaproterenol, ritodrine
cardura generic
doxazosin
most important counseling point with cardura (doxazosin)
fainting ( alpha blocker used for BPH, can cause significant orthostatic hypotension! )
medication used for hypertensive crisis secondary to pheochromocytoma, MAOI interactions and cocaine overdose
Phentolamine (regitine)
bethanecol is a
direct cholinergic agonist
bethanecol (urecholine) indication
urinary retention, neurogenic bladder
neostigmine treats
postoperative bladder retention and myasthenia gravis
neostigmine is a
acetylcholinesterase inhibitor
-bradycardia SE
broncodilation is cholinergic or anticholinergic
anticholinergic
symptomatic bradycardia is treated with
epinephrine IV
atropine IV
or
Dopamine IV
atropine is an
anticholinergic
if you give atropine in excess more than 3mg (which is the max) you can see toxicity.. what does that look like?
- anhidrosis (dry)
- flushing
- hyperthermia
- mydriasis
- agitated delirium
- urinary retention
- tachycardia
pilocarpine MOA
direct cholinergic agonist, used to treat acute closed angle glaucoma attacks
what else can be used to treat acute closed angle glaucoma attacks
IV/PO acetazolamide, ophthalmic timolol and pilocarpine
atropine and scopalamine are
anticholinergics and cause urinary retention
treatment of anaphylaxis includes
1) epinephrine SQ injection
2) Benadryl IM
3) Systemic corticosteroids
what is not used for anaphylaxis
atropine
usages of atropine
1) reversal of exposure to cholinergic agents (nerve agents, insectisides, pesticides)
2) tx of symptomatic bradycardia
epinephrine side effects
adrenergic (hyper + dry)
- myDRYasis
- tachycardia
- increased heart contractility, CO, BP
- bronchodRYation
- fat lipolysis: increased glucose
- uterus relaxation (urinary retention)
- dry mouth, dry eyes, constipation, worsening of glaucoma
clonidine MOA
alpha adrenergic 2 agonist
clonidine AE
2 most common side effects
1) Dry mouth
2) Constipation
- hypotension
- bradycardia
- drowsiness
- constipation
- dry mouth
acetylcholinesterase inhibitors
neostigmine
edrophonium
physostigmine
