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HTN Flashcards

1
Q

CCB side effects

A

constipation
decrease heart rate
gingival hyperplasia
edema

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2
Q

CCBs have no effect on

A

the kidneys

thus they do not effect electrolytes!

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3
Q

diltiazem formulations

A

PO

IV

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4
Q

Diltiazem brand names

A 
cardizem (SR, CD)
dilacor XR
diltia XT
cartia XT
tiazac
tiamate
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5
Q

verapamil brands

A

calan, calan sr, isoptin SR, verelan, verelan PM

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6
Q

verapamil formulations

A

PO and IV

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7
Q

ccb with the least headache flushing and edema

A

verapamil

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8
Q

give on an empty stomach

A

captopril
nisoldipine
moexipril

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9
Q

give with food

A

metoprolol tartrate

carvedilol

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10
Q

problem w nifedipine

A

reflex tachycardia

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11
Q

used for vasospastic (variant angina) prinzmetals

A

nicardipine

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12
Q

ER formulations

A

felodipine, nisoldipine

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13
Q

what class is metolazone

A

thiazide like diuretic

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14
Q

amiloride MOA

A

potassium sparing diuretic

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15
Q

MOA of torsemide

A

decrease nacl reabsorption in the thick ascending limb of the loop of henle

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16
Q

most ototoxic loop

A

ethacrynic acid

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17
Q

loop converstions

A 
elephants fart too big 
e-50
f-40
t-20
b-1
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18
Q

lasix available formulations

A

IV, IM, PO tabs and solution

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19
Q

due to first dose phenomenon, most alpha blockers generally have to be titrated expect from some such as

A

alfluzosin, silodosin, tamsulosin

some that do: terazosin, doxasozin

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20
Q

brand of silodosin

A

rapaflo

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21
Q

prazosin brand

A

minipress

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22
Q

tamsulosin brand

A

flomax

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23
Q

prazosin MOA

A

alpha 1 adrenergic receptor blocker

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24
Q

which ALPHA 1 blocker is only approved for HTN and not BPH

A

prazosin (minipress)

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25
Q

5 alpha reductase inhibitors

A

finasteride, dutasteride

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26
Q

phosphodiesterase inhibitor

A

slidenafil

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27
Q

propecia

A

1mg finasteride for MPB

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28
Q

proscar

A

5mg finasteride for BPH

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29
Q

dozasosin

A

cardura

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30
Q

dutasteride

A

avodart

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31
Q

lotrel

A

amlodipine+ benzapril

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32
Q

azor

A

amlodipine+olmesartan

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33
Q

dont give ___ in patients with pheochromocytoma

A

any beta blocker

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34
Q

tenoretic

A

atenolol+ chlorthalidone

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35
Q

severe HTN associated with acute MI tx

A

IV nitroglycerin, clevidipine, nicardipine, esmolol

36
Q

ziac:

A

bisoprolol+ HCTZ

37
Q

clevidipine is CI in which allergy

A

SOY and EGG just like propofol

38
Q

clevidipine formulations

A

IV emulsion only

39
Q

only ace available IV

A

enalapril (vasotec)

40
Q

IV beta blocker

A 
metoprolol
propanolol
labetolol
esmolol
sotalol
41
Q

BB SE

A

bradycardia
depression
sedation
bronchoconstriction

42
Q

MOA of fendolopam

A

dopamine 1 receptor agonist

43
Q

may raise lipids

A

thiazides

beta blockers

44
Q

nipride:

A

nitroprusside

45
Q

hydralazine

A

direct artiole vasodilator

46
Q

nitroprusside things to know

A

1) iv infusion only- must be diluted prior to administration
2) stable in D5W
3) protect from light
4) may cayse cyanide toxicity

47
Q

esmolol facts

A
  • cardioselective
  • effects begin almost immediately
  • short duration of action
  • available IV
48
Q

hydralazine:

A

apresoline

49
Q

catapres tts patch should be changed how often

A

every 7 days

50
Q

catapres:

51
Q

clonidine moa

A

alpha 2 adrenergic agonist

52
Q

initial starting dose for clonidine HTN

A

0.1 mg at bedtime

53
Q

clonidine formulations

A

patch and tablet

54
Q

kapvay

A

ER clonidine for adhd

55
Q

clonidine SE

A

hypotension, drowsiness, dizziness, confusions

drymouth, constipation

56
Q

clonidine indications

A

HTN, ADHD, special pain management

57
Q

thiazides can increase

58
Q

thiazide SE

A

hypercalcemia
hypomag, kalemia, natremia
hyperurecemia
increase lipids

59
Q

risks of high blood pressure

A

1) stroke
2) kidney disease
3) heart disease

60
Q

minoxidil and hydralazine MOA

A

direct vasodilators

61
Q

thiazides arent effective when crcl

A

is less than 30

62
Q

can cause sprue like enteropathy

A

olmesartan (benicar)

63
Q

antihypertensives available as IV

A 
hydralazine
diltiazem
labetalol
nicardipine
chlorothiazide
enalaprit
methyldopa
esmolol
propanolol
metoprolol
clevedipine
nitroglycerin
nitroprusside
verapamil
-there are no IV arbs!
64
Q

microzide:

65
Q

two symptoms of hypoglycemia that are not masked with BBs

A

sweating and hunger

66
Q

avoid grapefruit and the juice with which antihypertensice

67
Q

exforge

A

amlodipine+valsartan

68
Q

inderal

A

propanolol

69
Q

which antihypertensive is constipating

70
Q

htn emergency bp reduction should be

A

less than 25 percent in the first hour

71
Q

shortest half life ace dosed TID

72
Q

normal heart rate

73
Q

triamterene+hctz

A

maxzide or dyazide

74
Q

aces do what to potassium

A

hyperkalemia

75
Q

hyzaar

A

losartan+hctz

76
Q

adalat CC

A

nifedipine

77
Q

clonidine causes

A

rebound hypertension, do not abruptly stop

78
Q

what is the drug of choice for portal HTN

A

propanolol

79
Q

what are the beta 1 selective BBs

A 
AMEBBBA
atenolol
metoprolol
esmolol
bisoprolol
betaxolol
bystolic (nebivolol)
acebutolol
80
Q

what BBs come IV

A 
MAPLES
metoprolol
atenolol
propanolol
labetolol
esmolol
sotalol (only used for afib)
81
Q

metoprolol ____ is not used for CHF

82
Q

carvedilol to coreg ratio

A

3.125 BID=Coreg CR 10mg QD
6.25 BID= Coreg CR 20
12.5=40
25=80

83
Q

is toprol XL scored

84
Q

AFIB drugs

AV blockers

A 
ABCD
a-amiodarone
b- bblockers
c-CCBs (verapamil, diltiazem)
d-digoxin
85
Q

adalat cc

A

nifedipine

NAPLEX (24 decks)

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