HTN Flashcards by TAYLOR JOHNSON

CCB side effects

constipation
decrease heart rate
gingival hyperplasia
edema

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CCBs have no effect on

the kidneys

thus they do not effect electrolytes!

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diltiazem formulations

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Diltiazem brand names

cardizem (SR, CD)
dilacor XR
diltia XT
cartia XT
tiazac
tiamate

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verapamil brands

calan, calan sr, isoptin SR, verelan, verelan PM

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verapamil formulations

PO and IV

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ccb with the least headache flushing and edema

verapamil

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give on an empty stomach

captopril
nisoldipine
moexipril

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give with food

metoprolol tartrate

carvedilol

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problem w nifedipine

reflex tachycardia

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used for vasospastic (variant angina) prinzmetals

nicardipine

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ER formulations

felodipine, nisoldipine

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what class is metolazone

thiazide like diuretic

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amiloride MOA

potassium sparing diuretic

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MOA of torsemide

decrease nacl reabsorption in the thick ascending limb of the loop of henle

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most ototoxic loop

ethacrynic acid

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loop converstions

elephants fart too big 
e-50
f-40
t-20
b-1

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lasix available formulations

IV, IM, PO tabs and solution

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due to first dose phenomenon, most alpha blockers generally have to be titrated expect from some such as

alfluzosin, silodosin, tamsulosin

some that do: terazosin, doxasozin

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brand of silodosin

rapaflo

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prazosin brand

minipress

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tamsulosin brand

flomax

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prazosin MOA

alpha 1 adrenergic receptor blocker

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which ALPHA 1 blocker is only approved for HTN and not BPH

prazosin (minipress)

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5 alpha reductase inhibitors

finasteride, dutasteride

phosphodiesterase inhibitor

slidenafil

propecia

1mg finasteride for MPB

proscar

5mg finasteride for BPH

dozasosin

cardura

dutasteride

avodart

lotrel

amlodipine+ benzapril

azor

amlodipine+olmesartan

dont give ___ in patients with pheochromocytoma

any beta blocker

tenoretic

atenolol+ chlorthalidone

severe HTN associated with acute MI tx

IV nitroglycerin, clevidipine, nicardipine, esmolol

ziac:

bisoprolol+ HCTZ

clevidipine is CI in which allergy

SOY and EGG just like propofol

clevidipine formulations

IV emulsion only

only ace available IV

enalapril (vasotec)

IV beta blocker

``` metoprolol propanolol labetolol esmolol sotalol ```

BB SE

bradycardia depression sedation bronchoconstriction

MOA of fendolopam

dopamine 1 receptor agonist

may raise lipids

thiazides | beta blockers

nipride:

nitroprusside

hydralazine

direct artiole vasodilator

nitroprusside things to know

1) iv infusion only- must be diluted prior to administration 2) stable in D5W 3) protect from light 4) may cayse cyanide toxicity

esmolol facts

- cardioselective - effects begin almost immediately - short duration of action - available IV

hydralazine:

apresoline

catapres tts patch should be changed how often

every 7 days

catapres:

clonidine

clonidine moa

alpha 2 adrenergic agonist

initial starting dose for clonidine HTN

0.1 mg at bedtime

clonidine formulations

patch and tablet

kapvay

ER clonidine for adhd

clonidine SE

hypotension, drowsiness, dizziness, confusions | drymouth, constipation

clonidine indications

HTN, ADHD, special pain management

thiazides can increase

uric acid

thiazide SE

hypercalcemia hypomag, kalemia, natremia hyperurecemia increase lipids

risks of high blood pressure

1) stroke 2) kidney disease 3) heart disease

minoxidil and hydralazine MOA

direct vasodilators

thiazides arent effective when crcl

is less than 30

can cause sprue like enteropathy

olmesartan (benicar)

antihypertensives available as IV

``` hydralazine diltiazem labetalol nicardipine chlorothiazide enalaprit methyldopa esmolol propanolol metoprolol clevedipine nitroglycerin nitroprusside verapamil -there are no IV arbs! ```

microzide:

HCTZ

two symptoms of hypoglycemia that are not masked with BBs

sweating and hunger

avoid grapefruit and the juice with which antihypertensice

CCBs!

exforge

amlodipine+valsartan

inderal

propanolol

which antihypertensive is constipating

verapamil

htn emergency bp reduction should be

less than 25 percent in the first hour

shortest half life ace dosed TID

captopril

normal heart rate

60-100

triamterene+hctz

maxzide or dyazide

aces do what to potassium

hyperkalemia

hyzaar

losartan+hctz

adalat CC

nifedipine

clonidine causes

rebound hypertension, do not abruptly stop

what is the drug of choice for portal HTN

propanolol

what are the beta 1 selective BBs

``` AMEBBBA atenolol metoprolol esmolol bisoprolol betaxolol bystolic (nebivolol) acebutolol ```

what BBs come IV

``` MAPLES metoprolol atenolol propanolol labetolol esmolol sotalol (only used for afib) ```

metoprolol ____ is not used for CHF

tartrate

carvedilol to coreg ratio

3.125 BID=Coreg CR 10mg QD 6.25 BID= Coreg CR 20 12.5=40 25=80

is toprol XL scored

yes

AFIB drugs | AV blockers

``` ABCD a-amiodarone b- bblockers c-CCBs (verapamil, diltiazem) d-digoxin ```

adalat cc

nifedipine