Trauma-Informed Care Flashcards
Trauma-informed care initiative
- launched in 2003 by Bush
- model of care that requires everyone in mental health: recognize high prevalence of trauma and understand the impact
what is trauma?
Anything you experience that overwhelms your ability to cope, integrate your experience, and continue to function in your daily life roles, routines, and occupations.
types of trauma
Acute - a single event that is relatively brief or time limited
Chronic - typically involves multiple events that occur over a relatively long period of time
Complex - occurs when there are multiple, cumulative traumatic experiences starting early in life, with much of the trauma inflicted by one’s primary caregivers
neglect
any confirmed or suspected act by a parent or other caregiver that deprives a child of their basic needs, resulting in physical or psychological harm such as lack of supervision, abandonment, failure to attend to psychological and/or emotional needs, and failure to provide an education, medical care, nourishment, clothing and/or shelter
examples of trauma
abuse assault neglect Poverty, Homelessness War and combat exposure Sexual slavery, human trafficking Exposure to death Discrimination Incarceration Terrorism
individualized impact of trauma
the way trauma impacts individuals is very subjective and complex
■Two people may encounter the exact same event and yet each may go on to have similar or even very different perceptions of the experience and outcomes
■not all trauma experiences are remembered (in utero or infancy)
trauma response
natural responses to perceived threat or danger are protective and adaptive responses of self-preservation, which are critical to survival
■Once the threat or danger is no longer present, the triggering of these neurophysiological and psychological processes typically subside
■For those with trauma histories, these protective responses may misfire or continue in intensity for long periods of time
neurophysiology
- can interfere with normal fight/flight responses
- can affect development of brain structures
- amygdala, cortisol
effect on occupational participation
cognition: problem solving, attention
emotional: anxiety, depression, fear, panic
neurophysiological: ANS arousal, inhibition, self regulation
relational: social relationships
occupational: sleep, work, school, self-care, engagement
diagnostic classifications
trauma and stressor-related disorders
–Reactive attachment disorder
–Disinhibited social engagement disorder
–Posttraumatic stress disorder
–Acute stress disorder–Adjustment disorders
–Other and unspecified trauma- and stressor-related disorder
dissociation
the loss of awareness of perceptual cues from the physical and/or social environment, loss of spatial awareness, time, balance, the ability to process auditory input, decreased facial expression, and decreased body and pain awareness.
Minor: daydreaming or “spacing out”
Severe: feeling numb, out of body experiences, loss of memory, multiple personalities
dissociative disorders
–Dissociative Identity Disorder
–Dissociative Amnesia
–Depersonalization/Derealization Disorder
–Other and un Specified Dissociative Disorder
adverse childhood experiences
■The adverse childhood experiences (ACE) study provided ground-breaking research that has brought a significant shift in the understanding of what happens to individuals neuropsychologically, behaviorally, and medically when the person has unaddressed trauma
■The original ACE study included over 17,000 participants and was conducted by physicians at Kaiser Permanente
protective and risk factors
resilience: ability of each human to recover and thrive in the face of adversity
protective and risk factors are often categorized into the following categories: individual, familial, peer and social, community and societal
trauma-informed care guiding principles (SAMHSA)
infuses trauma informed knowledge, skills, and the resources necessary to implement and sustain trauma-informed principles and practices
