TRAUMA-AND-STRESSOR TOS Flashcards
A pattern of emotionally withdrawn behavior toward adult caregivers, typically due to severe neglect or abuse.
Reactive Attachment Disorder
A pattern of overly familiar behavior with unfamiliar adults, also often related to severe neglect or abuse.
Disinhibited Social Engagement Disorder (DSED)
Exposure to a traumatic event, followed by intrusive symptoms, avoidance, negative changes in cognition and mood, and hyperarousal.
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
Similar with PTSD but with shorter duration, occuring immediately after the trauma.
Acute Stress Disorder
Emotional or behavioral symptoms in response to a specific stressor, causing significant distress or impairment.
Adjustment Disorders
SYMPTOMS
- Lack of attachment to caregivers
- Avoidance of comfort from caregivers
- Difficulty engaging in social relationships
COURSE/DURATION/ONSET
Present before age 5
Reactive Attachment Disorder
SYMPTOMS
- Overly familiar behavior with unfamiliar adults
- Lack of hesitation in engaging with strangers
COURSE/DURATION/ONSET
Persistent, usually evident by age 2
Disinhibited Social Engagement Disorder (DSED)
SYMPTOMS
- Intrusive memories or flashbacks
- Avoidance of trauma reminders
- Negative mood alterations
- Hypervigilance and arousal changes
COURSE/DURATION/ONSET
More than 1 month
PTSD
SYMPTOMS
- Recurrent intrusive memories
- Dissociation
- Sleep disturbances
- Hypervigilance
- Irritable behavior and arousal symptoms
COURSE/DURATION/ONSET
3 days - 1 month
Acute Stress Disorder
SYMPTOMS
- Depressed mood, anxiety, or mixed mood
- Conduct disturbances
- Maladaptive reactions to stressors (e.g., difficulty adjusting to major life changes)
COURSE/DURATION/ONSET
Within 3 months of the stressor and last no longer than 6 months after the stressor ends
Adjustment Disorders
Exposure to actual or threatened death, serious injury, or sexual violence.
Trauma
Any event or situation that causes psychological stress. Not all stressors are traumatic.
Stressor
A deep emotional bond typically formed during early development between a child and caregiver.
Attachment
Disconnection between thoughts, identity, consciousness, and memory—common in trauma-related disorders.
Dissociation
Unwanted and distressing memories, flashbacks, or nightmares related to trauma.
Intrusion symptoms
Heightened alertness and scanning of the environment for threats.
Hypervigilance
Efforts to avoid distressing memories, thoughts, or reminders of trauma.
Avoidance
Irritability, exaggerated startle response, difficulty sleeping or concentrating.
Arousal and reactivity
Socially inappropriate behavior or lack of restraint, often seen in DSED.
Disinhibition
Chronic trauma with broader effects on emotional regulation and self-perception (not in DSM-5, but important).
Complex PTSD
