SLEEPING TOS Flashcards
Persistent difficulty with sleep initiation, maintenance, or early awakening
Insomnia Disorder
Excessive sleepiness despite sufficient sleep
Hypersomnolence Disorder
Irresistible need to sleep with episodes of sudden sleep
Narcolepsy
Repeated upper airway obstruction during sleep
Obstructive Sleep Apnea Hypopnea (OSAH)
Pauses in breathing due to lack of respiratory effort
Central Sleep Apnea (CSA)
Decreased respiration during sleep, ↑CO₂ levels
Sleep-Related Hypoventilation
Misalignment between internal clock and external environment
Circadian Rhythm Sleep-Wake Disorder
Partial arousals from sleep with no full consciousness
Non–Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Arousal Disorders
Repeated vivid, distressing dreams that disrupt sleep
Nightmare Disorder
Complex movements or vocalizations during REM sleep
Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Behavior Disorder
Urge to move legs due to unpleasant sensations
Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS)
Sleep disturbance caused by intoxication, withdrawal, or medication
Substance/Medication-Induced Sleep Disorder
SYMPTOMS:
Trouble falling asleep, frequent awakenings, nonrestorative sleep
COURSE/DURATION/ONSET:
3+ nights/week for 3+ months; despite adequate opportunity to sleep
Insomnia Disorder
SYMPTOMS:
Long sleep duration, difficulty waking, unrefreshing naps
COURSE/DURATION/ONSET:
3+ times/week for 3+ months; gradual onset
Hypersomnolence Disorder
SYMPTOMS:
Sleep attacks, cataplexy, sleep paralysis, hallucinations
COURSE/DURATION/ONSET:
Chronic; onset typically in adolescence or early adulthood
Narcolepsy
SYMPTOMS:
Loud snoring, gasping, and excessive daytime sleepiness
COURSE/DURATION/ONSET:
Persistent; worsens with age/weight gain
Obstructive Sleep Apnea Hypopnea (OSAH)
SYMPTOMS:
Poor sleep quality, fatigue, and awakening with shortness of breath
COURSE/DURATION/ONSET:
Usually chronic; associated with heart failure or opioid use
Central Sleep Apnea (CSA)
SYMPTOMS:
Poor sleep quality, fatigue, and awakening with shortness of breath
COURSE/DURATION/ONSET:
Gradual onset; often comorbid with pulmonary, neuromuscular, or obesity-related conditions
Sleep-Related Hypoventilation
SYMPTOMS:
Insomnia, excessive sleepiness at undesired times
COURSE/DURATION/ONSET:
Persistent pattern; varies by type (e.g., delayed, advanced, shift work)
Circadian Rhythm Sleep-Wake Disorder
SYMPTOMS:
Sleepwalking, sleep terrors, no memory of events
COURSE/DURATION/ONSET:
Begins in childhood; during first 1/3 of sleep (deep NREM)
Non–Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Arousal Disorders
SYMPTOMS:
Well-remembered dysphoric dreams, alertness upon waking
COURSE/DURATION/ONSET:
Occurs during REM (latter half of night); ≥1 month
Nightmare Disorder
SYMPTOMS:
Dream-enactment behaviors, potential injury to self/partner
COURSE/DURATION/ONSET:
Chronic; more common in older adults, linked with Parkinson’s
Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Behavior Disorder
SYMPTOMS:
Worse at rest, relieved by movement, worse in evening
COURSE/DURATION/ONSET:
At least 3x/week for 3+ months; may worsen with age
Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS)
SYMPTOMS:
Insomnia, hypersomnia, parasomnias depending on substance
COURSE/DURATION/ONSET:
Symptoms begin during or after substance use; resolve with abstinence (if not persistent)
Substance/Medication-Induced Sleep Disorder
