Trauma Flashcards
What is a strain?
Tear of muscle or tendon
What is a sprain?
Tear of ligament
What is a closed fracture?
Broken bone where skin is intact
What is an open fracture?
Broken bone where skin is violated and bone is exposed to outside environment
What is reduction?
Refers to the act of lining bone fragmenets back into their normal anatomic location
What is fixation?
Refers to a method used to hold a bone in place (casts, plates, screws, rods, etc)
What is ORIF?
Open reduction internal fixation –> making an incision and using hardware to fix a fracture
What is treatment for an open fracture?
- an “emergency” because bone is exposed
- high infection risk
- Irrigation, debridement, fixation
What is compartment syndrome?
Increased pressures in an anatomic compartment that can lead to muscle necrosis, limb ischemia, and bad outcomes
What is the treatment for compartment syndrome?
Must release pressure via surgical fasciotomy
What is a pathologic fracture?
A fracture through abnormal bone (ex. metastatic bone disease)
What are the most common causes of metastatic bone disease?
Breast, kidney, prostate, thyroid, lung carcinoma
What is the most common location for metastatic disease of the bone?
Spine
