Imaging Flashcards

1
Q

What are the advantages of conventional radiography for imaging of MSK?

A
  • widely available
  • reproducible
  • inexpensive
  • minimal ionizing radiation
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2
Q

What are the disadvantages of conventional radiography for imaging of MSK?

A
  • fractures may be occult if not displaced
  • importance of more than 1 view
  • complex bones and superimposed structures
  • soft tissues are poorly evaluated with x-ray
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3
Q

What is conventional radiography most useful for in MSK?

A

Evaluation of bones mostly, not as good at imaging soft tissues

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4
Q

What are the main uses of CT in MSK?

A

More detailed evaluation of fractures, preoperative planning, assessment of healing

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5
Q

What are the main advantages of CT for MSK?

A
  • widely available, quick imaging
  • good spatial resolution
  • with or without contrast
  • can reformat images
  • alternative for MRIs if they are contraindicated
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6
Q

What are the main limitations of CT for MSK?

A
  • ionizing radiation
  • cost
  • soft tissue evaluation is inferior to MRI
  • metal causes artifact
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7
Q

What are the main uses of MRI in MSK?

A

Best at evaluation of joints and soft tissues

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8
Q

What are the main advantages of MRI for MSK?

A
  • high contrast resolution
  • can see changes earlier than x-ray
  • no radiation
  • widely available
  • many techniques
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9
Q

What are the main disadvantages of MRI for MSK?

A
  • expensive
  • not patient friendly
  • variable quality
  • metal causes artifacts
  • many contraindications
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10
Q

What are the main uses of fluoroscopy in MSK?

A

Used in procedures or for dynamic imaging

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11
Q

What are the main advantages of fluoroscopy for MSK?

A
  • widely available

- dynamic imaging

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12
Q

What are the main disadvantages of fluoroscopy for MSK?

A
  • ionizing radiation to patient and operator
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13
Q

What are the main uses of ultrasound for MSK?

A

Good for superficial soft tissue structures (tendons, muscles), some ability to evaluate bone surfaces

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14
Q

What are the main advantages of ultrasound for MSK?

A
  • patient friendly
  • reproducible
  • small/moderate expense
  • widely available
  • dynamic imaging
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15
Q

What are the main disadvantages of ultrasound for MSK?

A
  • user/operator dependent

- cannot go through cortical bone

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16
Q

What is dual x-ray absorptiometry?

A

A type of X-ray that evaluates bone density relative to others of the same sex/ethnicity/demographics

17
Q

What is bone scintigraphy?

A

A sensitive but nonspecific way to evaluate bone density

18
Q

What is bone scintigraphy sensitive for?

A

Conditions with bone turnover and increased blood flow, specifically fracture, infection, and blastic metastases

19
Q

What is an arthrography used for?

A

A technique to introduce contrast into joints to evaluate joints

20
Q

What is myelography used for?

A

A technique to introduce contrast into the central canal of bone

21
Q

What imaging techniques are used for chronic back pain in adults?

A
  • plain radiographs

- MRI

22
Q

What imaging techniques are used for chronic back pain in children?

A
  • plain radiographs

- nuclear medicine exam

23
Q

What imaging techniques are used for acute back pain?

A
  • plain radiographs

- consider CT or MRI

24
Q

What imaging techniques are used for neck pain?

A
  • plain radiographs
25
What imaging techniques are used for joint pain?
Plain radiographs, consider MRI
26
What imaging techniques are used for neoplasm?
Plain radiograph, MRI with contrast, CT, nuclear medicine study
27
What imaging techniques are used for occult fractures?
Plain radiographs, CT/MRI/nuclear medicine if x-ray is normal
28
What imaging techniques are used for osteomyelitis in diabetic patients?
- plain radiograph - MRI - nuclear medicine study
29
What imaging techniques are used for osteomyelitis in non-diabetic patients?
- plain radiograph | - MRI with contrast