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msk-derm > Gait > Flashcards

Gait Flashcards

1
Q

What period is A?

A

Loading response

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2
Q

What period is B?

A

Mid stance

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3
Q

What period is C?

A

Terminal stance

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4
Q

What period is D?

A

Pre swing

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5
Q

What period is E?

A

Initial swing

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6
Q

What period is F?

A

Mid swing

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7
Q

What period is G?

A

Terminal swing

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8
Q

What phase is 1?

A

Stance phase

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9
Q

What phase is 2?

A

Swing phase

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10
Q

What is stride length?

A

Distance between two successive heel contacts of the same foot

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11
Q

What is step length?

A

Distance between heel contacts of each foot

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12
Q

What is step width?

A

Distance between heel centers of two consecutive heel contacts

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13
Q

What is toe-out angle?

A

Angle between the line of progression of the body and long axis of the foot

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14
Q

What is the cadence?

A

Number of steps taken per minute

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15
Q

What is walking speed?

A

Distance covered per unit time

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16
Q

What are two strategies to increase walking speed?

A

Increase stride length, increase cadence

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17
Q

What muscles are in the anterior compartment of the leg?

A

Iliopsoas, sartorius, quadriceps femoris

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18
Q

What is the function of the anterior leg?

A

Flex hip, extend knee

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19
Q

What is the innervation of the anterior component of the leg?

A

Femoral nerve

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20
Q

What muscles are in the medial/adductor compartment of the leg?

A

Gracilis, pectineus, adductor longus, adductor brevis, adductor magnus

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21
Q

What are the functions of the medial/adductor compartment of the leg?

A

Adduct hip joint, flex hip joint, medially rotate hip joint

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22
Q

What is the innervation of the medial/adductor component of the leg?

A

Obturator nerve

23
Q

What muscles are in the posterior compartment of the leg?

A

Semitendinosus, semimembranosus, biceps femoris

24
Q

What is the function of the posterior compartment of the leg?

A

Extend hip joint, flex knee

25
Q

What is the innervation of the posterior compartment of the leg?

A

Sciatic nerve

26
Q

What is the function of the gluteal region?

A

Extend hip, abduct hip, laterally rotate hip

27
Q

What muscles innervate the gluteal region?

A

Superior and inferior gluteal nerves

28
Q

What are the anterior crural muscles?

A

Tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus, extensor digitorum longus, fibularis tertius

29
Q

What is the function of the anterior crural muscles?

A

Dorsiflex ankle, invert/evert ankle, extend toes

30
Q

What is the innervation of the anterior crural muscles?

A

Deep fibular nerve

31
Q

What are the lateral crural muscles?

A

fibularis longus and brevis

32
Q

What is the function of the lateral crural muscles?

A

Plantarflex ankle, evert ankle

33
Q

What is the innervation of the lateral crural muscles?

A

Superficial fibular nerve

34
Q

What are the superficial posterior crural muscles?

A

Gastrocnemius, soleus, plantaris

35
Q

What are the deep posterior crural muscles?

A

Popliteus, flexor hallucis longus, flexor digitorum longus, tibialis posterior

36
Q

What is the function of posterior crural muscles?

A

Plantarflex ankle, invert ankle, flex toes

37
Q

What is the innervation of the posterior crural muscles?

A

Tibial nerve

38
Q

What muscles are active during the heel strike/initial contact action of walking?

A

Quadriceps, hamstrings, dorsiflexors

39
Q

Which muscles are active during the loading response action of walking?

A

Quadriceps and gluteals

40
Q

What muscles are active during the mid-stance phase of walking?

A

Gluteus medius (to keep hips parallel to ground), gastrocnemius, soleus

41
Q

What muscles are active during the terminal stance of gait?

A

Gastrocnemius and soleus

42
Q

What muscles are active during the pre-swing phase of gait?

A

Adductor longus, rectus femoris

43
Q

What muscles are active during the initial swing phase of gait?

A

Hip flexors (iliacus), biceps femoris (short head), ankle DF (TA, EDL, EHL)

44
Q

What muscles are active during the mid-swing phase of gait?

A

Hip flexors, ankle DF (TA, EDL, EHL)

45
Q

What muscles are active in the terminal swing phase of gait?

A

Hip flexors, hamstrings, quadriceps, ankle DF (TA, EDL, EHL)

46
Q

What are four categories of causes of pathological gait?

A

Deformity (joint contractures)

Muscle weakness

Impaired control (CVA, SCI, peripheral nerve injury)

Pain (OA)

47
Q

What is foot drop?

A

An abnormal gait pattern where there is an inability to lift the front half of the foot off of the ground mid-swing

48
Q

What is knee valgus?

A

Knee is displaced medially from the line between the hip and ankle (knock-kneed)

50
Q

What is knee varus?

A

Knee is displaced laterally from the line between hip and ankle (bow-legged)

51
Q

What is trendelenberg gait?

A

When hips are uneven during gait

52
Q

What is knee fusion?

A

Abnormal knee anatomy that leads to an abnormal gait

msk-derm (41 decks)

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