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Gait Flashcards

1
Q

What period is A?

A

Loading response

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2
Q

What period is B?

A

Mid stance

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3
Q

What period is C?

A

Terminal stance

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4
Q

What period is D?

A

Pre swing

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5
Q

What period is E?

A

Initial swing

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6
Q

What period is F?

A

Mid swing

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7
Q

What period is G?

A

Terminal swing

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8
Q

What phase is 1?

A

Stance phase

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9
Q

What phase is 2?

A

Swing phase

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10
Q

What is stride length?

A

Distance between two successive heel contacts of the same foot

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11
Q

What is step length?

A

Distance between heel contacts of each foot

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12
Q

What is step width?

A

Distance between heel centers of two consecutive heel contacts

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13
Q

What is toe-out angle?

A

Angle between the line of progression of the body and long axis of the foot

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14
Q

What is the cadence?

A

Number of steps taken per minute

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15
Q

What is walking speed?

A

Distance covered per unit time

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16
Q

What are two strategies to increase walking speed?

A

Increase stride length, increase cadence

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17
Q

What muscles are in the anterior compartment of the leg?

A

Iliopsoas, sartorius, quadriceps femoris

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18
Q

What is the function of the anterior leg?

A

Flex hip, extend knee

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19
Q

What is the innervation of the anterior component of the leg?

A

Femoral nerve

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20
Q

What muscles are in the medial/adductor compartment of the leg?

A

Gracilis, pectineus, adductor longus, adductor brevis, adductor magnus

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21
Q

What are the functions of the medial/adductor compartment of the leg?

A

Adduct hip joint, flex hip joint, medially rotate hip joint

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22
Q

What is the innervation of the medial/adductor component of the leg?

A

Obturator nerve

23
Q

What muscles are in the posterior compartment of the leg?

A

Semitendinosus, semimembranosus, biceps femoris

24
Q

What is the function of the posterior compartment of the leg?

A

Extend hip joint, flex knee

25
What is the innervation of the posterior compartment of the leg?
Sciatic nerve
26
What is the function of the gluteal region?
Extend hip, abduct hip, laterally rotate hip
27
What muscles innervate the gluteal region?
Superior and inferior gluteal nerves
28
What are the anterior crural muscles?
Tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus, extensor digitorum longus, fibularis tertius
29
What is the function of the anterior crural muscles?
Dorsiflex ankle, invert/evert ankle, extend toes
30
What is the innervation of the anterior crural muscles?
Deep fibular nerve
31
What are the lateral crural muscles?
fibularis longus and brevis
32
What is the function of the lateral crural muscles?
Plantarflex ankle, evert ankle
33
What is the innervation of the lateral crural muscles?
Superficial fibular nerve
34
What are the superficial posterior crural muscles?
Gastrocnemius, soleus, plantaris
35
What are the deep posterior crural muscles?
Popliteus, flexor hallucis longus, flexor digitorum longus, tibialis posterior
36
What is the function of posterior crural muscles?
Plantarflex ankle, invert ankle, flex toes
37
What is the innervation of the posterior crural muscles?
Tibial nerve
38
What muscles are active during the heel strike/initial contact action of walking?
Quadriceps, hamstrings, dorsiflexors
39
Which muscles are active during the loading response action of walking?
Quadriceps and gluteals
40
What muscles are active during the mid-stance phase of walking?
Gluteus medius (to keep hips parallel to ground), gastrocnemius, soleus
41
What muscles are active during the terminal stance of gait?
Gastrocnemius and soleus
42
What muscles are active during the pre-swing phase of gait?
Adductor longus, rectus femoris
43
What muscles are active during the initial swing phase of gait?
Hip flexors (iliacus), biceps femoris (short head), ankle DF (TA, EDL, EHL)
44
What muscles are active during the mid-swing phase of gait?
Hip flexors, ankle DF (TA, EDL, EHL)
45
What muscles are active in the terminal swing phase of gait?
Hip flexors, hamstrings, quadriceps, ankle DF (TA, EDL, EHL)
46
What are four categories of causes of pathological gait?
Deformity (joint contractures) Muscle weakness Impaired control (CVA, SCI, peripheral nerve injury) Pain (OA)
47
What is foot drop?
An abnormal gait pattern where there is an inability to lift the front half of the foot off of the ground mid-swing
48
What is knee valgus?
Knee is displaced medially from the line between the hip and ankle (knock-kneed)
49
50
What is knee varus?
Knee is displaced laterally from the line between hip and ankle (bow-legged)
51
What is trendelenberg gait?
When hips are uneven during gait
52
What is knee fusion?
Abnormal knee anatomy that leads to an abnormal gait
53

msk-derm (41 decks)

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