Trauma Flashcards
what examination test is required in a patient presenting with a history of eye trauma
fluorescein dye
what is a blowout fracture
medial/inferior wall of bony orbit fractured, entraps IR and the eye herniates downwards
what is the presentation of a blowout fracture
decreased sensation and pain on upgase, diplopia
what advise do you give a patient with a blowout fracture
no nose blowing
what is commotion retinae
bruised retina
what is the management of commotion retinae
normally resolves
what is hyphaema
blood in anterior chamber
is what injury would you see a tear drop pupil on blue light + fluoroscein dye
corneal laceration
what is the pathology of sympathetic opthalmia
trauma to 1 eye causes bilateral granulomatous pan-uveitis, autoimmune
what is the risk in sympathetic opthalmia
bilateral blindness
what is the management of sympathetic opthalmia
remove the exciting eye
what causes an ice-rink cornea
sub-tarsal foreign body
what is the commonest location of a foreign body in the eye
corneal
what investigation is required for intraocular foreign bodies
XR
what is the immediate management of a chemical burn to the eye
immediately irrigate; 2L saline until normal pH
what are the causes of cranial nerve palsies
traumatic or vascular
what muscles will be affected by a CNIII palsy
LPS, IR, SR, MR, IO, pupillae sphincter
where will the eye sit in a CNIII palsy
inferolateral; down and out
will the pupil be constricted or dilated in a CNIII palsy
dilated
what effect will a CNIII palsy have on the pupillary light reflex
slow
what cranial nerve palsy will cause ptosis
CNIII
what muscle is affected by a CNIV palsy
superior oblique
what will the patient complain of in CNIV palsy
vertical diplopia when looking down
what is seen on inspection in a CNIV palsy
head tilt
what direction of eye movement will a patient with a CNIV palsy struggle with
inferomedially
what muscle will be affected by a CNVI palsy
lateral rectus
what will a patient complain on in a CNVI palsy
horizontal diplopia
what directions of eye movements will a patient with a CNVI palsy struggle with
can’t abduct in the horizontal plane
what CN injury might cause an absent blink reflex
CNVII
what is the management of an absent blink reflex
eye patch
what is the management of diplopia
glasses with inbuilt prisms or surgery/botox
