Signs & Symptoms Flashcards

1
Q

what are the 3 Cs for describing the optic disc in fundoscopy

A

contour, colour, cup

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2
Q

in which conditions is the cup:disc ratio relevant

A

papilledema, glaucoma

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3
Q

where would a lesion causing right monocular vision loss be

A

right optic nerve

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4
Q

where would a lesion causing a right homonymous hemianopia be

A

left optic tract

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5
Q

where would a lesion causing bitemporal hemianopia be

A

optic chiasm

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6
Q

where would a lesion causing a superior quadrantonopia be

A

temporal lobe

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7
Q

where would a lesion causing an inferior quandrantonopia be

A

parietal lobe

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8
Q

where would a lesion causing right hemianopia but sparing the macula be

A

left primary visual cortex

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9
Q

what examination is first like for diplopia

A

cover test

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10
Q

what is esotropia

A

eye turns in on cover test

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11
Q

what is exotropia

A

eye turns out on cover test

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12
Q

what is hypertropia

A

eye turns down on cover test

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13
Q

what is hypotropia

A

eye turns up on cover test

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14
Q

what muscles could be responsible for horizontal diplopia

A

lateral rectus or medial rectus

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15
Q

what muscles could be responsible for vertical diplopia

A

superior oblique, superior rectus, inferior rectus, inferior oblique

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16
Q

what is astigmatism

A

irregular corneal curvature

17
Q

what is presbyopia

A

requiring reading glasses over 50 years old

18
Q

what is myopia

A

short sighted

19
Q

what is hypermetropia

A

far sighted

20
Q

what is ptosis

A

droopy upper eyelid

21
Q

what is amblyopia

A

unilateral < vision

22
Q

what is stabismus

A

eyes misaligned; lazy eye

23
Q

what is a mydriatic pupil

A

non-physiologically enlarged pupil

24
Q

what is a miotic pupil

A

non-physiologically constricted pupil

25
Q

what is a cause of a miotic pupil

A

horner’s syndrome

26
Q

what is the presentation of horner’s syndrome

A

miosis, ptosis, anhydrosis

27
Q

what is the pathology of horner’s syndrome

A

compressed cervical sympathetic trunk

28
Q

what is a cause of a fixed pin point pupil

A

opiates

29
Q

what is a cause of a fixed dilated pupil

A

CNIII palsy

30
Q

what does RAPD stand for

A

relative afferent pupillary defect

31
Q

what test detects a RAPD

A

swinging light test

32
Q

what is rubeosis iridis

A

neovascularisation of the iris

33
Q

what is synechiae

A

irregularly shaped pupil

34
Q

what is a hypopyon

A

inflammatory infiltrate in anterior chamber

35
Q

what structure of the eye is effected by keratic precipitates

A

cornea

36
Q

what is trichiasis

A

intorsion of the eyelashes

37
Q

what is chemosis

A

conjunctival swelling