Trauma Flashcards
Define triage
Sorting patients according to the urgency of their need
What is a closed reduction
Realignment of a fracture or dislocated bone via external manipulation
Define a callus
Early calcification around fx site
What is bone remodeling
Bone in fracture region is broken down and rebuilt
Define the different “flavor” of traumas
Mechanical
Chemical
Thermal
Radiation
Define a level 1 trauma
Every aspect of injury
24 hour in house coverage
Operates an organized teaching and research effort
Define a level 2 trauma hospital
Every aspect of injury
24 hour in house coverage
NO TEACHING
Define level 3 & 4 hospitals
Stabilize and ship
What are the trauma view requirements
Two views at 90 degrees
move pt
move CR
What is the Glasgow coma scale (GCS)
A scale for reporting a patient’s general level of responsiveness
Higher = better
15( best)
8 (comatose)
3 ( unresponsive )
What is an open head trauma
Penetrating trauma
What is a closed head trauma
Blunt force trauma
Falls
MVA
What is a concussion
Transient & reversible posttraumatic alteration in mental status
LOC
Reduced mental function
What are symptoms of spinal injuries
Pain
Numbness
Weakness
Loss of movement of extremities
What is a log roll used for
To move a patient as a whole
While head supported
Define a closed fracture
Skin surrounding fracture intact
Define an open fracture
Skin broken and fracture exposed to environment
Define a displaced fracture
Bone fragments no longer in apposition
Define a comminuted fracture
Multiple fragments
Define an avulsion fracture
Boney fragment is torn off when a tendon/ ligament is strained
Define a compression fracture
Compaction of vertebral body
Define a green stick fracture
Incomplete fracture where bone bends
Occurs in children
Define a buckle/ Torus fracture
When the bone bulges out from FOOSH
Occurs in children w mineralized bones
Define a salter- Harris fracture
Fracture of epiphyseal growth plate
Occurs in children
What view is the external coyle to see
To see radius free of ulna
What is the internal coyle for
Radius fully ON ulna
What is the breathing technique for a trans thoracic humerus
LOW mA
LONG S
What view do you do if both legs are broken
Clements-nakayma
Discuss an AP trauma skull
Cr // to OML
PR fill orbits
Discuss an AP Caldwell trauma view
CR 15 degrees to OML
PR in lower orbits
Discuss an AP waters trauma view
CR // to MML
Shows maxillary
what are some orthopedic devices
Splints
Traction devices
what do you need to know about trauma positioning
moving the patient may be necessary
use care to avoid further injury
what is a good intervention technique
be alert for changes & protect from further injury
symptoms of a fracture
pain
swelling
bruising
parts in odd direction
misplaced joint
