Spine

Question 1

C-spine AP

Answer 1

75 kVp
8mAs
40 SID

CR: 15 degree cephalad
Include C3-7

Chin elevated

Need to see disc space

Question 2

C-spine lateral (left)

Answer 2

75 kv
25mAs
72 SID

CR perpendicular
Include C1-T1

Chin elevated
Shoulders depressed

See facets (zygapophyseal)

Question 3

C-spine oblique

Answer 3

72 SID
75kv
25 mAs

RPO/LPO: CR 15 degrees cephalad = opposite IVF
RAO/LAO: CR 15 degrees caudad = same side IVF

C1-T1

Want intervertebral foramina open

Question 4

C-spine open mouth odontoid

Answer 4

40 SID
75 Kv
25 mAs

CR: below incisors

collimate below nose timid chin

Question 5

AP Fuchs

Answer 5

40 SID
75 Kv
8 mAs

Mento Meatal Line perpendicular to IR
CR parallel to MML

Question 6

C-spine flexion

Answer 6

75 kv
25mAs
72 SID

CR perpendicular
Include C1-T1

Take chin to chest ( if possible)
Never force movement
Chin elevated
Shoulders depressed

Question 7

C-spine extension

Answer 7

75 kv
25mAs
72 SID

CR perpendicular
Include C1-T1

Take chin up as much as possible
Never force movement
Chin elevated
Shoulders depressed

Question 8

C-spine swimmers view

Answer 8

80 Kv
30 mAs
40 SID

Arm closer to IR : Up and forward
Arm away from IR: Down and back

Must see C4-T3

If patient cannot displace shoulders, use 3-5 degree caudal angle

Question 9

AP T-spine

Answer 9

80 kVp
18 mAs
72 SID

ULB high enough to get C7
Open light 4-5 inches side to side
Needs to include C7-L1
Suspended expiration

Question 10

Lateral T-spine

Answer 10

80 kVp
32 mAs
72 SID

Shoulders, knees, feet and pelvis
Need to see lower 9-10 thoracic
Posterior ribs have no rotation

T1-3 not visualized due to shoulders
Want to see Intervertebral foramen

Question 11

Clay shovelers Fx

Answer 11

Lower spinous fx due to hyper flexion C6-T1

Question 12

Compression Fx

Answer 12

Vertebral body compresses due to axial load

Question 13

Hangmans Fx

Answer 13

Fx of C2

Question 14

Jeffersons Fx

Answer 14

Fx of C1 caused by axial force of the head

Question 15

Subluxation

Answer 15

partial dislocation

Question 16

Scoliosis

Answer 16

Lateral curvature of spine

Question 17

Ankylosing Spondylitis

Answer 17

Inflammation and fusion of spine

Question 18

AP lumbar

Answer 18

85 kVp
20 mAs
40 SID

CR 2 inches above crest & MSP
Need T12 down to SI joints

Low dose
Low scatter
High image quality

suspended expiration

Question 19

Lateral L-spine

Answer 19

90 kVp
50 mAs
40 SID

Make sure patient is in good lateral position
CR 2 inches above crest and MSP

Must see IVF
Suspended expiration (raises diaphragms)

Question 20

Lateral L5-S1 spot

Answer 20

90 kVp
60 mAs
40 SID

CR: 5 degrees caudal angle & directly in line with L5-S1 & 2 niches above crest

collimate
Suspended respiration

Question 21

Oblique lumbar spine

Answer 21

90 kVp
50 mAs
40 SID

Patient rotated rotated
CR 1-2 inches above iliac crest
2 inches medial to upside ASIS

Suspended expiration

Question 22

Lateral L-spine extension

Answer 22

75 kv
25mAs
72 SID

CR perpendicular
Include C1-T1

Take chin up as much as possible
Never force movement
Chin elevated
Shoulders depressed

Question 23

AP axial sacrum

Answer 23

kVp 85
mAs 30

CR 15 degree cephalad and at midline 2 inches of ASIS or 2 inches below level of ASIS

suspended respiration

Question 24

AP axial coccyx

Answer 24

kVp: 85
mAs: 30
SID 40 inches

CR 10 degrees caudal
suspended respiration

Question 25

Lateral Sacrum and coccyx

Answer 25

85 kVp
30 mAs
40 SID

Patient completely lateral

Question 26

Metastasis

Answer 26

cancer/neoplasms
frequently caused by spread from other areas

Can be Lytic (eating away) or Blastic/sclerotic (adding to)