Transport in Plants

Question 1

what is the partially permeable memberane called in a dialysis machine

Answer 1

The partially permable membrane found in dialysis machines is a Visking tubing

Question 2

what osmosis

Answer 2

Osmosis - the net movement of water particles from an area of higher water potential to an area of lower water potential, through a partially permeable membrane

Question 3

what is the difference in osmosis between and plant and animal cell

Answer 3

Placing a plant cell in water vs an animal cell gives different cells as plants have a cell wall - this means that when lots of water moves in, a plant cell can reach a state of turgor, whereas an animal cell will burst

Question 4

what is lysis

Answer 4

When an animal cell bursts, it is called cell lysis

Question 5

what is turgor

Answer 5

Turgor (cell swollen with water)= when water moves into the plant cell, and the vacuole swells up, causing the cell membrane to push against the cell wall

Question 6

what happens when an animal cell is placed in salty solution

Answer 6

When placed in a very salty solution, an animal cell will shrink/shrivel upl

Question 7

what are the stages of when a plant loses water

Answer 7

A plant cell has two stages dependent on how much water it loses, flaccid and plasmolysed

Question 8

what is flaccid

Answer 8

First stage = flaccid –> cell overall has less volume, and the cell membrane is not pushing against the cell wall (with this you would see a plant wilting)

Question 9

what is plasmolysed

Answer 9

Second stage = plasmolysed –> cytoplasm splits away from the cell wa

Question 10

how does a plant wilt

Answer 10

all cells become flaccid and dont support

Question 11

how does plant wilting help a plant

Answer 11

A plant wilting helps reduce water loss as when it folds in less of the surface area of the plant is exposed to the air so less transpiration occurs at once

Question 12

what do guard cells do

Answer 12

Guard cells: control the size of the stomata, and their opening and closing to reduce water loss

Question 13

what is transpiration

Answer 13

Transpiration = water in the xylem evaporating into the air spaces in the spongy mesophyll. This water vapour evaporating out through the stomata.

Question 14

ow does temperature affect transpiration

Answer 14

Temperature - affects the evporation of water, if its hot the water will evaporate more, if its cold it will evaporate less

Question 15

how does humdity affect transpiration

Answer 15

humidity - if low humidity the concentration gradient between the water vapour and the atmosphere will be steep and opposite vice versa

Question 16

how does wind speed affect transpiration

Answer 16

wind speed - if there are high wind speeds then the water will be blown of the surface of the leaves, maintaining a steep concentration gradient

Question 17

how does light intensity affect transpiration

Answer 17

light - intensity causes more photosyntehsis allowed more water to be produced

Question 18

what is transpiration

Answer 18

transpiration is the evaporation of water from the xylem and diffusion of this water vapour out of the stomata

Question 19

what is the transpiration stream

Answer 19

the transpiration stream is the path of continuous movement of water in the plant, where when water evaporates from the xylem, it is immediately replaced due to the pressure.