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Biology > Transport across membraness > Flashcards

Transport across membraness Flashcards

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1
Q

Simple diffusion

A

is the movement of molecules from a region of higher concentration to one of lower concentration.

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2
Q

Specifically, osmosis

A

is diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane

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3
Q

If one solution contains 20% NaCl and another contains 30% NaCl. The 30% solution is

A

hypertonic, compared to the 20% solution.

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4
Q

Frog eggs usually do not have aquaporins. When the eggs are put in distilled water, these eggs will

A

remain unchanged in shape.

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5
Q

water cannot enter the cell without aquaporins because the cell membrane is

A

hydrophobic

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6
Q

Scientists are now able to put aquaporins on frog eggs for experimental purposes. When these manipulated eggs are put in distilled water, these eggs will

A

swell and possibly burst.

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7
Q

Hypotonic solution for animals

A

BURST

There is more SOLVENT then solute… Solvent moves to solute

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8
Q

HypOTONIC sln for plants

A

TURGID, not burst just swollen b/c strong cell wall.

More SOLVENT than solute, water moves INTO cell

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9
Q

Isotonic solution for animals and plants

A

Animal: NORMAL
plants: SLIGHTLY TURGID

solute= solvent

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10
Q

Hypertonic solution for animals

A

SHRINK.

More SOLUTE than solvent.

Solute water moves OUT of cell

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11
Q

HyperTONIC sln for plants

A

PLASMOLYSED

more SOLUTE than solvent

Water moves OUT of cell

Leads to DETATCHMENT OF CELL MEMBRANCE FROM CELL WALL

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12
Q

What does active transport involve??

A

Movement of SOLUTES AGAINST A CONCENTRATION GRADIENTS

With use of ATP!!!!!!!

Lower concentration-> higher concentration

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13
Q

IN BULK TRANSPORTS explain EXOcytosis

A

Secretion of HORMONES + ENZYMES

ER->GOLGIAPP -> VESICLE -> secrete protein+ membrane fusion

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14
Q

In BULK Transport explain Endocytosis

A

Eg. PHAGOCYTOSIS( intake or bacteria/ food particles.

Food particle enters-> food particle surrounded by food vacuole

Protein enters-> coat protein with membrane-> coated VESICLE

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15
Q

Based on like dissolve lie principle does alcohol pass through membrane and where?

A

YEA it is hPHOBIC just like lipids so it can go right through pospholipid

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16
Q

What 4 types of subs can pass through PHOSPHLIPIPID BILAYER??

A
  1. Fat sol molecules
  2. HPHOBIC molecules
  3. NON polar molecules
  4. Small uncharged molecules (CO2/O2)
17
Q

What needs to go through PROTEIN to enter BILAYE????!

A 
Ions (Na/CAMa/Cl-) and
POLAR MOLECULES (like glucose and water lul)
18
Q

3 subs that CANNOT ENTER PIIPIDBLAYER

A
  1. Polysaccharide STARCH
  2. Polysaccharide SGLYCOGEN
  3. Protein Hamoglobin (2a, 2v polypeptides
19
Q

What two transports use ATP

A

Active transport and Bulktransporta

20
Q

What 5 factors enhance diffusion?

A

1.TEMP-higher
2. Conc diff- LARGER
3. SIZE molecules- smaller
4. A(sA) -larger
5 molecules that are LipoPHILIC in nature

21
Q

3 types of PASSIVE TRANSPORT (region of high conce to low)

A
  1. simple diffusion (straight in pb)
  2. FASCILITATED DIFFUSION: protein carrier ( lipid INSOLUBLE SUBS) and protein channel (tunnel) (SMALL LIPId insoluble SOLUTES)
  3. OSMOSIS: aqua porin for WATER ONLY
22
Q

3 steps explain how beetroot in alcohol cause solution to turn red

A

ALCOHOL IS HPHOBIC!!! Therefore can pass thru PB

  1. Alc destroys the membrane ( lose membrane permeability-> FULLY PERMEABLE)
  2. Red pigment in betroot cells leak out by DIFFUSION
  3. Sln turns red
23
Q

Evidence of active transport for K+/Na+/Cl- as MAIN WAY FOR MINERAL UPTAKE

A

Ions in soul H20 is much less than that of cell sap concentration
Minerals are absorbed AGAINST THE CONCENTRATION GRADIENT

24
Q

How graph shows effect of change in external conc of ion on concentration of ion within some plant cells

A

IONS are taken up by cells against a concentration gradient
Bec inside=29
Outside=1

25
Q

uptake of ions in ACTIVE TRANSPORT requires..?

A

ATP

26
Q

Why can only uptake of ions only occur in LIVING CELLS???

A

Only living cells can CELLULAR RESPIRATION

glucose–> ATP

Biology (25 decks)

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