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Biology > Nucleic Acids > Flashcards

Nucleic Acids Flashcards

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1
Q

Nucleic acids store, transmit, and help express hereditary information.

A

True

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2
Q

Nucleic acids store, transmit, and help express hereditary information. What kinds of nucleic acid store hereditary information?

A

DNA

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3
Q

Nucleic acids store, transmit, and help “express” hereditary information. What does “express” mean?

A

It means DNA is transcribed and translated into the production of protein.

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4
Q

monomer of nucleic acids is

A

Nucleotide

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5
Q

A nucleotide consists of three components. Which of the following must not be one of the three components?Phosphate group
Triose
Ribose
Adenine

A

Triose

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6
Q

Which of the following statements is not correct for DNA?
1.It is of double helical shape.
2 Uracil is present instead of thymine.
3 Two strands run in opposite directions.
4 The bases are located on the inside and phosphate groups are located on the outside of the structure

A

Uracil is present instead of thymine.

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7
Q

The distance (nm) between one nucleotide and the next one is 3.4nm. One complete helical turn consists of 10 nucleotides. What is the length of one complete helical turn?

A

34nm

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8
Q

Phosphate groups on the DNA backbone are negatively charged. What is the charge carried by DNA then?

A

negative

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9
Q

The DNA strands are held together by

A

hydrogen bond

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10
Q

rRNA is

A

a component of ribosome

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11
Q

tRNA has (i) which is complementary to the (ii) on mRNA.

A

(i) anticodon, (ii) codon

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12
Q

The primary function of tRNA is to

A

pick up free amino acids in the cytoplasm

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13
Q

EXPLAIN 3 STEPS OF nucleon acids in producing proteins

A
  1. SYNTHESIS OF MRNA in the nucleus ( CNA–> mRNA)
  2. MOVEMENT OF MRNA into cytoplasm ( via nuclear pore)
  3. SYNTHESIS of proteins using info carried on mRNA
    (mRNA–> protein)
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14
Q

Pentose sugar components

A

Deoxyribose (DNA)

Ribose (RNA)

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15
Q

Nitrogenous bases

A

Pyramadines: sytosine, thymine *DNA) uracil (RNA)

Purine ( ademine and Guamine)

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16
Q

Structure of DNA

A

bases= inside structure

phosphate groups= outside structure

17
Q

Bonds between bases in DNA

A

hydrogen

18
Q

Guamine and Cytosine = %

A

28

19
Q

Thymine and Adenine %

A

22

20
Q

Rule of formation of DNA

A

conjugate base pairing

21
Q

function mRNA

A

carries genetic info from nucleus to ribosome sin cytoplasm

22
Q

function tRNA

A

transfer amino acids from cytoplasm to SYNTHESIS POLYPEPTIDE

23
Q

function rRNA

A

forms part of ribosomes

24
Q

DIFFERENCE DNA AND RNA

A

DNA= double strand, conjugate base pairing btw two strands

RNA= 1 strand, CBP btw two stretches of nucleotide in SAME RNA MOLECULE

25
Q

Where is DNA found in cell?

A

nucleus
mitochondria
chloroplast

Biology (25 decks)

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