Lecture 1 Prokaryotic

Question 1

Flagella

Answer 1

movement

Question 2

Many Fimbriae

Answer 2

harilike appendages for attachment

Question 3

single pilus

Answer 3

For DNA transfer between 2 cells

Question 4

Capsule

Answer 4

A slimy and sticky layer for attachment

Question 5

Cell Wall

Answer 5

Protection/ shape

Question 6

Cell Membrane

Answer 6

Control substance movement in and out of cell

Question 7

Cytoplasm

Answer 7

Place where chem RXN takes palce

Question 8

Ribosomes

Answer 8

protein synthesis

Question 9

Circular DNA

Answer 9

placmid

Question 10

Plasmid

Answer 10

small rings of DNA, contains (usually) antibiotic resistent gene

Question 11

Endospore ( like see in plant)

Answer 11

To withstand harsh conditions

1. can only be killed at 121 degrees celsius under high pressure
2. can remain dormant but viable for centuries, able to revive when environment becomes favourable

Question 12

Differance between gram + and gram - bacteria?

Answer 12

Gram + = THICKER wall of peptidoglycan

Question 13

3 shapes of prokaryotic cells

Answer 13

1. spherical
2. rod
3. spiral

Question 14

Process for prokaryotic cell reproduction

Answer 14

BINARY FISSION ( doubling)

Question 15

4 extreme conditions P cell cna adpat to

Answer 15

1. Salty
2. acidic (Picrophilus oshimae can grow at pH 0.03)
3. hot/cold temp
4. radiative ( Deinoccus Radiodurans= survive 3 milliuon rads of radiation)

Question 16

Difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Answer 16

1. Prokaryote doesnt have

• a nucleus or
• membrane enclosed organells, and it is

1. SMALLER that a eukaryotic cell.

Question 17

Similarities between E and P cells?

Answer 17

both has

1. CELL MEMBRANE
2. CYTOPLASM

Question 18

what is the organisation of multicellualr organisms?

Answer 18

cell-> tissue-> organ -> organ system -> organism