Transport Across Membranes Flashcards
1
Q
What is a Glycoprotein?
A
- Protein and Carbohydrate
- Antigen
2
Q
What do channel proteins allow for?
A
The facilitated diffusion of small charged molecules such as Na+, Cl-, Ca2+
3
Q
What is a glycolipid?
A
- Lipid and Carbohydrate
4
Q
What is the structure of the Cell membrane?
A
Fluid Phospholipid Bilayer that is fluid and slides over itself
5
Q
Describe the structure of a phospholipid.
A
- Hydrophilic phosphate heads face outwards
- Hydrophobic fatty acid tails face inwards
6
Q
What is diffusion?
A
Net movement of molecules from high to low concentrations
This is a passive process , does NOT require ATP
7
Q
How can the concentration gradient affect the rate of diffusion?
A
- The steeper the concentration gradient
- The faster the rate of diffusion
8
Q
How does the diffusion distance affect the rate of diffusion?
A
- The shorter the distance
- The faster the rate of diffusion
9
Q
How does surface are affect the rate of diffusion?
A
- The larger the Surface area
- The faster the rate of diffusion
10
Q
What is facilitated diffusion?
A
- The passive movement of molecules across a cell membrane via a channel protein or a carrier protein from a high concentration to a low concentration.
11
Q
What is active transport?
A
- Movement of molecules against the concentration gradient
- Using energy from ATP
- via a carrier protein
12
Q
What is Co-Transport?
A
- Movement of molecules via a carrier protein
- Moving 2 molecules at once
- One down its concentration gradient and one against it
13
Q
How is Glucose absorbed into a cell?
A
- Sodium - Potassium Pump
- Na+ ut
- K+ in
- Active Transport
- Low concentration of Na+ in cell - Co - Transport
- Na+ down concentration gradient
- Glucose goes against concentration gradient - Facilitated Diffusion
- Glucose is absorbed into blood
- By facilitated diffusion
- Via a carrier protein
14
Q
What is osmosis?
A
- The passive movement of water molecules from a high water potential to a lower water potential
