ATP, Water and Inorganic Ions

Question 1

Why is ATP useful?

Answer 1

1. Releases energy in small amounts
2. Broken down in single reaction, releases NRG rapidly
3. Add phosphate to other molecules to make them more reactive
4. Easily synthesised

Question 2

What is the equation for the formation of ATP?

Answer 2

ADP + Pi —————–> ATP
ATP Synthase
Condensation

Question 3

What is the equation for the hydrolysis for ATP?

Answer 3

ATP ———————> ADP + Pi
ATP Hydrolase
Hydrolysis

Question 4

What is the structure of H2O?

Answer 4

1. Water is polar
2. Positive and Negative ends are attracted to each other
3. Forms H-Bonds between the molecules of water

Question 5

What are some properties of water?

Answer 5

1. Large latent heat of vapourisation
2. High Specific Heat Capacity
3. Metabolite
4. Solvent
5. Cohesion

Question 6

Why is water having a large latent heat of vapourisation important?

Answer 6

Makes evaporation an effective cooling method eg. sweating/panting

Question 7

Why is having a High SHC immportant?

Answer 7

So temperature changes are buffered

Question 8

What is pH?

Answer 8

A measure of H+ ions in a solution

Question 9

Why are sodium ions important?

Answer 9

1. Important in helping the other molecules move across membranes
2. Via Co-Transport

Question 10

Why are Iron ions important?

Answer 10

1. Important in Haemaglobin
2. Carries Oxygen
3. Haemaglobin is a protein with a quaternary structure

Question 11

Why are Phosphate ions important?

Answer 11

1. ATP contains phosphate groups
2. RNA + DNA condensation reactions between phosphate groups to form polynucleotides