Carbohydrates and Lipids

Question 1

What is a monomer?

Answer 1

A small repeating unit or molecule from which polymers are made

Question 2

What is a polymer?

Answer 2

A large molecule made up from many repeating monomers

Question 3

What is the monomer of a carbohydrate called?

Answer 3

Monosaccharide

Question 4

What is the monomer and polymer of a protein called?

Answer 4

1. Amino Acid
2. Polypeptide

Question 5

Why are lipids/triglycerides not considered polymers?

Answer 5

They are not made up of repeating units

Question 6

What is a condensation reaction?

Answer 6

When 2 molecules join together to form a chemical bond with oxygen produced as a product

Question 7

What is a Hydrolysis reaction?

Answer 7

The breaking of a chemical bond between 2 molecules using a molecule of water

Question 8

Which 2 monosaccharides combine to produce Maltose?

Answer 8

Glucose and Glucose

Question 9

Which 2 monosaccharides combine to form Sucrose?

Answer 9

Glucose and Fructose

Question 10

Which 2 monosaccharides combine to form Lactose?

Answer 10

Glucose and Galactose

Question 11

What is a glycosidic bond?

Answer 11

A bond formed by condensation reaction joining together 2 molecules in a carbohydrate

Question 12

Where is Beta Glucose found?

Answer 12

Only in Cellulose

Question 13

What is the purpose of cellulose?

Answer 13

Provides rigidity and strength to plant cell walls

Question 14

What are the 2 different forms of starch?

Answer 14

1. Amylose
2. Amylopectin

Question 15

What is the purpose of starch?

Answer 15

Stores glucose in plants for respiration

Question 16

What type of glucose makes up starch?

Answer 16

Alpha Glucose

Question 17

What is the structure of Amylase?

Answer 17

Unbranched, coiled, compact

Question 18

What is the structure of Amylopectin?

Answer 18

Branched to provide more ends for rapid hydrolysis

Question 19

What is the purpose of Glycogen?

Answer 19

Stores glucose in animals for respiration

Question 20

What glucose makes up Glycogen?

Answer 20

Alpha Glucose

Question 21

What is the structure of a triglyceride?

Answer 21

1. A Glycerol
2. 3 Fatty Acids

Question 22

What bonds join together a triglyceride?

Answer 22

1. 3 Esters

Question 23

What is the difference between a saturated and unsaturated fatty acid?

Answer 23

1. On the Carbon chains of a unsaturated fatty acids there are carbon double bonds
2. On a saturated fatty acids there are no C=C and there is the maximum amount of hydrogen molecules

Question 24

What are some functions of triglycerides?

Answer 24

1. Energy source for aerobic respiration
2. Thermal Insulation
3. Electrical Insulation (Myelin Sheath)
4. Buoyancy
5. Physical protection around organs

Question 25

What is the structure of a phospholipid?

Answer 25

1. 2 Fatty Acids 2. A Glycerol Molecule 3. A Hydrophilic phosphate group

Question 26

Where are phospholipids mainly found?

Answer 26

Cell membranes

Question 27

What is the purpose of cholesterol?

Answer 27

Changes the fluidity of the membrane. The more cholesterol the less fluid the cell membrane becomes