Transplant Rejection Flashcards

Question 1

Q

Type of transplant rejection occurring within minutes

Answer

A

Hyperacute rejection

Question 2

Q

Cause of hyperacute rejection

Answer

A

Pre-existing recipient antibodies react to donor antigen (type II hypersensitivity)

Question 3

Q

Histologic finding in hyperacute rejection

Answer

A

Widespread thrombosis of graft vessels, ischemia, necrosis

Question 4

Q

Type of rejection occurring weeks to months after transplant

Answer

A

Acute rejection

Question 5

Q

Cells involved in acute cellular rejection

Answer

A

CD8+ and CD4+ T cells activated against donor MHCs

Question 6

Q

Humoral mechanism in acute rejection

Answer

A

Development of donor-specific antibodies

Question 7

Q

Histologic finding in acute rejection

Answer

A

Vasculitis with dense interstitial lymphocytic infiltrate

Question 8

Q

Type of rejection occurring months to years after transplant

Answer

A

Chronic rejection

Question 9

Q

Mechanism of chronic rejection

Answer

A

CD4+ T cells respond to recipient APCs presenting donor peptides

Question 10

Q

Histologic finding in chronic rejection

Answer

A

Arteriosclerosis, parenchymal atrophy, interstitial fibrosis

Question 11

Q

Organ-specific examples of chronic rejection

Answer

A

Chronic allograft nephropathy, bronchiolitis obliterans, vanishing bile duct syndrome

Question 12

Q

Type of reaction where graft T cells attack recipient cells

Answer

A

Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD)

Question 13

Q

GVHD commonly occurs in these transplants

Answer

A

Bone marrow and liver

Question 14

Q

GVHD is what type of hypersensitivity reaction

Answer

A

Type IV hypersensitivity

Question 15

Q

Preventive measure before transfusion in immunocompromised patients

Answer

A

Irradiation of blood products

Question 16

Q