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Virology > Transmissions > Flashcards

Transmissions Flashcards

1
Q

Rabies transmission

A

saliva or neural tissue
bite
wounds or mucous membranes of eyes, nose, mouth, or organ transplant
oral exposure
inhalation (droplets)
ocular (corneal transplant)

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2
Q

Vesicular Stomatitis Virus transmission

A

cut/abrasion or vector:
black flies (Simuliidae spp.)
midges (Culicoides spp.)
mosquitos (Culex nigripalpus)
houseflies (Musca domestica)
sand flies (Lutzomyia spp)

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3
Q

Rift Valley Fever Virus transmission

A

Culex or Aedes mosquitos (transovarially transmission to eggs)
direct contact with tissue/bodily fluids
aerosols

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4
Q

Heartland Badnavirus transmission

A

lone star tick - Amblyomma Americanum

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5
Q

Crimean Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus transmission

A

Ixodid tick - Hyalomma (transovarial/transstadial transmission to offspring)
direct contact with infected animals
human-human contact - nosocomial
iatrogenic (needles/instruments)

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6
Q

Akabane Virus transmission

A

Culex and Aedes mosquitos in Japan
Culicoides in Australia

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7
Q

Cache Valley Fever virus transmission

A

Anopheline, Culiseta, Aedes mosquitos

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8
Q

Hantavirus transmission

A

inhalation or direct contact of rodent excretions (saliva, urine, feces)

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9
Q

Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus transmission

A

verticle
infectious urine, saliva, feces

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10
Q

Avian Influenza (A) transmission

A

ingestion
inhalation
fomites
human-tracking

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11
Q

Equine Influenza (A) transmission

A

inhalation
fomites
hands, clothing, instruments

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12
Q

Canine Influenza (A) transmission

A

inhalation
fomites

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13
Q

Canine Distemper Virus transmission

A

ingestion
inhalation
fomites
human-tracking
transplacental

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14
Q

Rinderpest Virus transmission

A

direct contact
inhalation
fomites
carcasses

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15
Q

Peste de Petits Ruminants Virus transmission

A

close contact
inhalation
fomites

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16
Q

Avian Paramyxovirus 1 transmission

A

inhalation
ingestion
fomites
human tracking
human infection w/ contact with dead carcasses or lab acquired

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17
Q

Hendra virus transmission

A

inhalation, ingestion, or carcasses with bat saliva, urine, feces, placental, fetal fluid

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18
Q

Nipah virus transmission

A

inhalation, ingestion or carcasses with bat saliva, urine, blood
human-human

also shed in swine resp secretions

19
Q

Bovine Respiratory Syncytial Virus transmission

A

inhalation

20
Q

Bovine Parainfluenza Virus 3 transmission

A

inhalation

21
Q

Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever transmission

A

direct contact
fomites
aersols?
human-human contact

22
Q

Avian Bornavirus - Proventricular Dilation Disease transmission and shed

A

aersols?
shed in feces, urates, nasal passages

23
Q

Foot and Mouth Disease Virus transmission

A

nose-nose
inhalation
fomites
people
vehicles
meat
hides
airborne (wind/smoke)

24
Q

FMD shed

A

urine, feces, milk, meat, semen, embryos

25
Q

Swine Vesicular Disease Virus transmission

A

fecal-oral
meat

26
Q

Avian Encephalomyelitis Virus transmission

A

shed in feces thus fecal-oral
transovarial
fomites

27
Q

Feline Calcivirus transmission

A

nose-nose
inhalation
fomites (cages, dishes, surgical instruments)

28
Q

Vesicular Exanthema of Swine Virus transmission

A

ingestion of infected carcass or uncooked contaminated meat
contact with infected swine or premises
fomites

29
Q

Rabbit Hemorrhagic Fever Virus “European Brown Hare Syndrome Virus” transmission

A

fecal-oral
inhalation
conjunctiva
arthropods
meat
fomites

30
Q

Norwalk-like disease virus transmission

A

fecal contaminated food/water

31
Q

West Nile Virus transmission

A

Culex mosquito

32
Q

Japanese Encephalitis Virus transmission

A

Culex & Aedes mosquito

33
Q

Yellow Fever Virus transmission

A

mosquitos

34
Q

Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus transmission

A

direct via nasal secretion, saliva, milk, blood
mechanical
iatrogenic
fomites
in-utero
fecal-oral

35
Q

Classical Swine Fever Virus transmission

A

oronasal/ocular secretions
urine
feces
blood
semen
fomites
uncooked swill

36
Q

Border’s Disease Virus transmission

A

secretions
in-utero

37
Q

Equine Arteritis Virus transmission

A

aerosols
direct contact with urine, resp secretions, blood, aborted fetal tissues
venereal (cover and AI)
in-utero
fomites

38
Q

Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus transmission

A

direct w/ body secretions and fluids
in-utero
aerosols
fomites

39
Q

vertical transmission viruses

A

mosquitos of Rift Valley Fever Virus
ticks of Crimean Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus
lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus
canine distemper virus
avian encephalomyelitis virus
bovine viral diarrhea virus
border’s disease virus
equine arteritis virus
porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus

40
Q

Eastern Equine Encephalitis Virus transmission

A

Culex melanura (bird-bird)
Aedes, Culex, Coquillettidia mosquitoes (bride vector)

41
Q

Western Equine Encephalitis Virus transmission

A

Culex tarsalis (bird-bird)
various Aedes species (bridge)

42
Q

Venezualen Equine Encephalitis Virus transmission

A

Culex mosquitos

43
Q

Feline Infectious Peritonitis Virus transmission

A

resp secretions
fecal-oral

Virology (16 decks)

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