Bunyaviridae Flashcards
Bunyaviridae
enveloped or non-enveloped
DNA or RNA
undergo _____
_____ pathogens
enveloped
- or ambisense ssRNA
undergo reassortment
rodent & arthropod borne pathogens
Phlebovirus - Rift Valley fever Virus
hosts?
transmission?
pathogenesis?
clinical presentation?
ruminants, wildlife, humans
Culex & Aedes mosquitos, transovarially, direct contact of infected tissues/bodily fluids, aerosols
entry via mosquito bite or direct contact and spread to liver/spleen
hepatic necrosis, splenomegaly, jaundice, encephalitis, neuronal necrosis, high mortality, abortion
how does rain affect Rift Valley Fever Virus
increases epizootic-epidemic cycle = heavy rainfall/floods = more mosquitos = more bites to humans and animals = increased transmission
Rift Valley Fever Virus species specific affect on lambs, adult sheep, calves, cows
highest mortality in lambs, then sheep, then calves/cows
abortion in 90-100% in ewes/cows
is Rift Valley Fever reportable or zoonotic?
reportable - 3rd most dangerous animal threats, category A, BSL3
zoonotic - flu-like symptoms in humans
Badnavirus - Heartland Virus
host?
transmission?
disease?
humans
tick borne - lone star tick - Amblyomma Americanum
flu-like symptoms
Nairovirus - Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus
host?
reservoir?
amplifying hosts?
transmission?
host: humans
reservoir: Hyalomma tick
amplifying host: ruminants, hares
transmission: ixodid (hard) ticks esp. Hyalomma , transovarial/transtadial, nosocomial with bodily fluids, iatrogenic (needles)
Akabane Disease
host?
transmission?
disease?
host: cattle/calves
transmission: Culicoides in Australia, Aedes/Culex mosquitos in Japan
disease: fetuses - arthrogryposis, hydranencephaly
what viruses cause fetal arthrogryposis, and hydranencephaly?
Akbane Disease
Cache Valley Virus
Schmallenberg Virus
Bunyavirus - Cache Valley Virus
host?
transmission?
disease?
sheep, goats
mosquito - Anopheline, Culiseta, Aedes
arthrogryposis in fetuses
list differentials for small ruminant neuro disease and joint defects
cache valley virus
akabane
bluetongue
Schmallenberg Virus
host?
disease?
ruminants
arthrogryposis, hydranencephaly
At what gestation of pregnancy was the mother infected with Cache Valley Virus to cause this malformation of fetus?
28-48 days
Hantavirus
host?
reservoir host?
transmission?
disease?
zoonotic?
host: humans
reservoirs: rodents - voles, mice, rats
transmission: shed in saliva, urine, feces of infected rodents, spread to humans via inhalation or direct contact with rodent excretions (not human-human)
hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (acute resp dz), flu-like symptoms
zoonotic
