Translating Evidence Into Practice Flashcards
1
Q
Describe Biologic Plausibility
A
- Suggests that something makes practical sense based on knowledge of anatomy, biomechanics and physiology, and provides a logical pathway from basic science to clinical application
- Used when a treatment has yet to be proven by research
2
Q
What are Basic Research and Applied Research?
A
- Basic Research - Bench - mostly on animals and in controlled lab setting, limited clinical applicability beyond biologic plausibility
- Applied - Done on clinical populations, directly applies to clinical practice
3
Q
What are the three basic types of research design?
A
- Analytical
- Descriptive
- Experimental
4
Q
Describe Analytical Research
A
- Attempts to explain phenomena and analyze existing data, including systematic reviews
5
Q
Describe Descriptive Research
A
- Describe an observation or relationship
- Include surveys, correlations and epidemiological
studies - Human performance investigations such as biomechanical analysis and EMG are also considered descriptive
6
Q
Describe Experimental Research
A
- Follows the scientific method to demonstrate a change in a dependent variable
7
Q
What are the three sub types of experimental design?
A
- Pre-experimental: Pre-post-testing of one or more
groups - True experimental: Randomized groups with pre and post-testing, often including a control group
- Quasi-experimental: Designed to fit real-world applications while controlling threats to internal validity by using a pseudo control group
8
Q
Describe the Levels of Evidence (1-5)
A
- 1: High-quality, randomized clinical trial (RCT), prospective or diagnostic study Systematic reviews with homogeneity of RCT
- Lesser-quality RCT, retrospective study, cohort, or untreated control RCT Systematic reviews of cohort studies
- Case-controlled studies or systematic reviews of case-controlled studies
- Case series
- Expert opinion
9
Q
What are the four research databases that provide the most comprehensive search of RCTs for Physical Therapy.?
A
- Central
- PEDro
- PubMed
- EMBASE
10
Q
What are the two basic types of statistics?
A
- Descriptive
- Experimental
11
Q
Describe Descriptive Statistics
A
- Identify central tendency (mean, mode, median), variability, and confidence intervals
- Also include correlation between two variables
without noting cause-and-effect
-Include Regression Analysis
12
Q
Describe Experimental Statistics
A
- Used for experimental designs and are based on probability within a normal distribution
- Identify cause-and-effect while maximizing ‘true’ variance and minimizing error variance
- Sometimes referred to as inferential statistics
13
Q
Which Guidelines are used for different types of research designs?
A
- Consort - RCT
- Strobe - observational studies (descriptive research), including cohort, case control and cross-sectional research
- Stard - Diagnostic Studies
- Prisma - SR and meta analysis
14
Q
What is Internal Validity?
A
- The ability of a study to correctly measure and identify differences
- Exists when changes in the dependent variable are due to changes in the independent variable
- Indicates good control of the research design
15
Q
What is External Validity?
A
- Ability to generalize the results of a study to a given population