transitioning to finishing diet Flashcards
diets are formulated to (5)
incr growth rate
incr feed eff
incr animal health
incr carcass quality
reduce cost of gain
current market desire fopr body fat
29-29%
3 stages of feedlor diets
receiving
step up
finishing
receiving diets are adapted to higher grain diets over how many days
21-28
reduced performance is seen in animals adapted in ___ weeks or less
2
final finishing diets include ____% concentrate and ___% protein
80-95% concentrate
13.5% protein
sources of roughage
small grain silages
corn silage
alfalfa
ionophores are used to
improve feed efficiency
desires feed efficiency
7-5.5 kg feed/ 1kg gain
desired ADG
1.2 - 2 kg/d
consequences of moving from weaning straight to finishing diets
what breeds does this work best on
reduced finishing weights
earlier and rapid fat deposition
works best on larger frame breeds
objectives of step up diets (4)
minimize digestive upset
allow microbes to adjust to starch
allow epithelium to adapt (increase papillae area)
minimize feed intake fluctuations
why do feedlots want to eliminate roughage
pain to handle and manage
reduces feed efficiency
high cost of gain
step up strategies can vary in(3)
number of step up rations fed
number of days of adaptation for each diet
degree of feed restriction
max DMI %BW
2.5%
typical time for a step up transition
21-28d
do yearlings or calves step up quicker
yearlings
how to introduce rumensin, why
introduce at half dose for 1wk due to low palatability
typical time for each step
3-7d
alternative diet adaptation strategy
make two diets and vary how much of each goes in the feeder to make a correct ratio
transition time depends on
how much total time you have available
microbial adaptation
shifts ruminal fermentation
grater SCFA production
greater propionate
higher risk for lactate production
what do you want to see on an intake graph at peak intake
long plateau, no drop
why does intake drop eventually
animal begins putting on fat
how many step up rations do backgrounding and finishing use
backgrounding is 3-4
finishing is 6-8
at each step the amount of concentrate increased by ___%
10%
traditional step up
5 diets with 5 day changes, changes happening in afternoon feed
accelerated step up
3 diets with changes being made in 2 days
changes in afternoon feeding
two ration blending
vary % of forage or concentrate diet put in each feeder
minimized number of diets that need to be mixed
restricted feeding
improves feed efficiency during finishing
restricted to 1.25% of BW
hard to ensure everyone is getting enough
objectives of feed bunk management
keeps animals eating consistently
max animal performance
min digestive upset
two feeding options
ad lib (higher wastage)
slick bunk (most common)
slick bunk feeding
never have bunk empty for more than 30 mins
associated with improved performance, reduced sorting, and less wastage
most important thing to make sure you have sustained growth
steady intake
bunk reading
read between 430-500
should be fully empty by 7
start feeding at 730
feed 40%am and 60% pm
how much can you change feed amount by
2.5-5%
dont change every day tho
max DMI allows fo (3)
incr animal performance
reduction in days to slaughter
reduction in production cost
problems associated with rapid diet change (6)
digestive disturbance
ruminal acidosis
reduced feed intake
reduced gains
liver abscess
reduces hot carcass weight
