Erickson Lectures

Question 1

king of feedlot

Answer 1

data

Question 2

fall calves

Answer 2

abrupt wean and sent to feedlot, young, high risk
300-750 lbs

Question 3

winter calves

Answer 3

overwintered on home operation, medium risk, established on feed
500-800lbs

Question 4

yearling calves

Answer 4

lowest risk, backgrounded longest
900-1100 lbs

Question 5

4 aspects of recieving pens

Answer 5

windbreak
water
feed
bedding

Question 6

why is water access on intake so important

Answer 6

dehydration leads to dry mucosa in which the mucociliary escalator can not pump out pathogens

Question 7

design of feed and water in intake pens

Answer 7

access to water with lots of headspace
good quality grass hay with lots of access
want out in the open so animals arent stressed/trapped

Question 8

porosity for windbreak

Answer 8

25-33% to allow sone wind through rather than all over and windly along the fence

Question 9

_____ of animals should be able to lay down at any given time

Answer 9

1/3

Question 10

apron considerations

Answer 10

want flush with ground, no drop off
cleaned off regularly

Question 11

remaining manure pack lef tin pens

Answer 11

creates heat source as it degrades, cover with bedding

Question 12

feed bunk taper

Answer 12

away from the bunk to avoid water accumulation

Question 13

why does feed bunk need to be clean on intake

Answer 13

mold will turn animals away

Question 14

good cattle handling

Answer 14

quiet
slow
minimal injury

Question 15

whya re we concerned about stress when handling

Answer 15

welfare
injury
vaccine response (wont work if high cortisol)
future experiences and trauam

Question 16

highest risk period for respiratory disease

Answer 16

first 60 days on feed

Question 17

information uses in feedlot (5)

Answer 17

inventory management
drug withdrawl tracking
performance tracking
health monitoring
close out information

Question 18

4 steps in processing

Answer 18

cattle ID (CCIA and dangle)
cattle weight
disease prevention products (vaccines, antimicrobials, dewromers)
growth promotions

Question 19

how would animals be sorted (4)

Answer 19

weight
broad breed/frame size
establishment on feed
sex

Question 20

typical BRD cascade

Answer 20

viral cause that makes the animal susceptible to a secondary bacterial infection

Question 21

1st line of defence against BRD

Answer 21

physical barriers
immunological barriers
antimicrobial peptides
effector cells

Question 22

pneumonia cascade

Answer 22

normal lung
interstitial pneumonia where lung looks heavy and wet
fibrinous pneumonia where lung is covered in fibrin and scar tissue

Question 23

BRD control

Answer 23

purchasing strategies
low stress handling
vaccination
metaphylactic antibiotics

Question 24

general purpose of disease

Answer 24

reduce animals shedding
decrease quantity of shed
reduce shedding period
increase dose needed to infect

Question 25

respiratory vaccines

Answer 25

modified live virus to have stronger immune response combination with killed bacterial.toxiods

Question 26

ideally calves are vaccinated at

Answer 26

2 months (branding) with pre weaning booster

Question 27

2 common arrival vaccines

Answer 27

5 way viral clostridium vaccine (7,8,9 way +- tetnus)

Question 28

why would you vaccinate for tetnus

Answer 28

if you are processing where it is a risk such as castration

Question 29

2 commercial tetus products

Answer 29

tasvax 8 covexin plus

Question 30

ML injectible vaccines vs ML intra nasal

Answer 30

injectable are systemic vaccines with long term memory responses where nasal are mucosal vaccines with rapid and local response

Question 31

why would a vaccine not work

Answer 31

high disease pressure unideal time improper vaccine handling

Question 32

where in the fridge should you store a vaccine

Answer 32

middle, not door

Question 33

mixing MLV

Answer 33

mix what you will use in 1 hr avoid direct heat/cold/light do not clean syringes with soap transfer needle in liquid then powder slowly rotate dont shake

Question 34

ideal animals / needle

Answer 34

10

Question 35

ideal needle for IM in a cow

Answer 35

1.5" 16g

Question 36

what does proper vaccine techneique do

Answer 36

delivers medication to correct area keeps on label use reduced reaction potential creates safe environment for animal and handler

Question 37

in a cow calf operation you want __% calves in cycle 1 with 100% by cycle __

Answer 37

65 in cycle 1 100 in cycle 3

Question 38

metaphylactic antibiotics

Answer 38

long acting macrolides reduced BRD and arthritis morbidity and mortality provides 5-10 d disease free period for vaccine to have a chance

Question 39

injectable metaphylaxis options

Answer 39

long acting oxytetracycline macrolides

Question 40

BRD treatment rate for oxytetracycline and macrolide

Answer 40

consistently lower treatment rate when useing macrolides

Question 41

most common feed antibiotic

Answer 41

chlortetracycline at 18-21 days on feed most effective when foot rot risk is high

Question 42

how does BVD cause disease

Answer 42

causes severe immunosuppression that leaves the animal susceptible to secondary infections

Question 43

main source of BVD

Answer 43

PI calves calves exposed at 40-120 d gestation\ PI calves will expose not only their own pen but also adjacent pens

Question 44

% BVD PI calves in feedlot

Answer 44

0.2-0.4%

Question 45

infectious arthritis pathogens and how to control

Answer 45

control respiratory disease mycoplasma bovis and histophilus somni

Question 46

infectious arthritis calves are

Answer 46

chronically lame weight loss or no gain lack of production sent to local slaughyter early

Question 47

management of "chronic" pens

Answer 47

smaller pens with less animals closer to treatment areas monitored closely for health welfare and productivity

Question 48

biting vs sucking lice

Answer 48

biting have larger head sucking have smaller more pointed head

Question 49

proper application of pour on medications

Answer 49

straight line along length of the spine avoid doing when rain or snow impending wont work if warm as lice are only active at <0 degrees

Question 50

lung worm pathogen and clinical signs

Answer 50

dictyocaulus viviparous cough, dyspnea, weight loss, depression

Question 51

lung work treatment

Answer 51

fenbendazole, avermectins, retreat after 2 weeks, less effective in larval stages

Question 52

fenbendazole

Answer 52

best for internal parasites incorperated into feed formulation fed over several days in ration

Question 53

why control parasites

Answer 53

welfare concerns reduced feed efficiency decreased ADG export issues

Question 54

internal parasites in feedlot

Answer 54

internal parasites need grass for life cycle therefore will not complete a full life cycle in feedlot and are easy to get control over