Receiving cattle feeding Flashcards
goals of receiving nutrition (3)
adapt cattle to diet while building water and DMI
adapt cattle to environment
adapt cattle to new cohort
goals of backgrounding nutrition (3)
controlled/programmed growth
optimize feed efficiency
support immune responsiveness
goals of finishing nutrition (4)
manage digestive upset
maximize G:F
target carcass composition
support immune responsiveness
preweaning factors of BRD
prenatal nutrition
colostrum intake
BVD
preshipment management
postweaning factors of BRD
transport stress
commingling
receiving management
receiving nutrition
most important factor to consider when transitioning
process should be quiet and slow in all aspects
newly received calves are subjected to (5)
physiological and psychological stress
physical exhaustion
immune system suppression
viral and bacterial respiratory pathogens
water and feed deprivation
3 primary immediate needs of incoming calves
water
feed
rest- have pens ready before animals arrive
impacts of stress on new calves (3)
reduced appetite
poor immune response
increase morbidity and mortality
goal for DMI %
2.5-3% of bodyweight
hay on arrival
should be immediately available as either free choice or in the bunk
can be fed in addition to starter diet
should only continue if animals refuse to eat starter
feeding hay for too long
reduces performance overall
forage to concentrate on receiving diet
70:30
on arrival hay should be placed close to water, why?
teach calves where the water is
get calves to drink water
when should intake expect to increase
2-4 days
what is worse: low intake or low gain
low intake bc it increases risk of illness
initial low gain can be solved later with diet formation
DM CP target
14%
DM urea target
<0.35%
too high protein consequence
costly energy wise
exacerbate stress
K % DMI in diet
1.2 - 1.4 %
importance of K in diet
critical electrolyte that is lost in responce to dehydration
copper ppm in diet
10-15
zinc ppm in diet
75-100
___ and ____ have increased excretion during stress
copper and zinc
first ___ days is the greatest concern for health of incoming cattle
45
cattle risk categories
high: low BW, long transport, sent right after weaning
medium
low: pre weaned, pre conditioned, increased BW, shorter transport
how feed restriction impacts DMI
longer feed restriction (time off feed during transport) results in longer time required to get back to normal DMI
eating less and bloat risk
eating less means less adapted to VFA production and increased bloat risk when reintroduced to full diet volume
inclusion of hay in beginning impact on ADG
ADG increased weeks 1-3 when hay is included in the diet (especially when mixed with TMR) but should be taken away at week 4 as ADG goes down
BHV and DMi
BHV results in 30-75% reduction in DMI compared to pre challenge levels
how are yearlings different from weaned calves
not likely to stress
less risk of BRD
start to eat easier
often more aggressive at the feed bunk
can move up to starter diet faster
preconditioning (4)
vaccination 3wk prior to marketing and calves are at least 4 months old
castrated/dehorned if necessary
treated for parasites
weaned (45d min) and have experience eating from bunk
outcomes of preconditioning
improved rates of gain
reduces treatment
